高中英语_直接引语变间接引语课件.ppt

Direct Speech and Indirect Speech直接引语和间接引语 引述或转述别人的话称为“引语”。直接引用别人的原话，叫做直接引语；用自己的语言转述别人的话，叫做间接引语。 概念及规则： 直接引语用引号标出，间接引语不用引号。 直接引语转化为间接引语时，句子的结构、人称、时态、时间状语和地点状语等都要发生变化。 一、人称的转变 口诀：一随主；二随宾；三不变。 直接引语转换成间接引语时，人称要根据具体的情况作必要的变化。 “一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。如： She?said.?My?brother?wants?to?go shopping?with?me.?” →She?said?her?brother wanted?to?go shopping?with?her.  “二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如： ?He?said?to?Kate, How?is?your?sister?now?” →He?asked?Kate?how?her?sister?was?then。 ?My father told me, “ You should be more careful next time. →My father told me that I should be more careful the next time. “三不变”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如： Mr.?Smith?said, “Jack?is?a?good?boy.” →Mr.?Smith?said?Jack?was?a?good?boy. 二、时态的转变 直接引语在改为间接引语时，主句中的谓语动词如果是过去时，从句的谓语动词的时态需要做相应的调整。 1) 一般现在时→一般过去时 2) 现在进行时→过去进行时 3)现在完成时→过去完成时 4) 一般过去时→过去完成时 5) 过去进行时→不变 6) 过去完成时→不变 7)一般将来时→过去将来时 1) 一般现在时→一般过去时 She said: “ I am a student. ” She said (that) she was a student. 2) 现在进行时→过去进行时 She said: “ I am reading now. ” She said (that) she was reading then. 3) 现在完成时→过去完成时 She said: “ I have not heard from her since July. ” She said (that) she had not heard from her since July. 4) 一般过去时→过去完成时 “why did she refuse to go there?” the teacher asked. The teacher asked why she had refused to go there. 5)一般将来时→过去将来时 She?said, He?will?go?to?see?his?friend.” She?said?he?would?go?to?see?his?friend。 6)过去进行时→不变 Tom said, “we were having a football match this time yesterday.” Tom said that they were having a football match this time yesterday. 7)过去完成时→不变 Mother asked me, “Had you finished your homework before you watched TV?” Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before I watched TV?” 注意：以下几种情况时态 不变 ①直接引语是客观真理。 The?teacher said The?earth?moves?around?the?sun?.” The?teacher?said?the?earth?moves?around? the?sun?