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数学物理方法学习资料汇总
数学物理方法资料汇总
(10.09)第一章 分离变量法
Method of Separation of Variables
Suppose
Hence
(1)
(2)
(3)
As for Eq.(1), rearranging the equation gives
Where A is a constant irrelevant to either x or t, therefore
(4)
(5)
As for Eq.(4), rearranging the equation and integral on both sides gives
Hence
As for Eq.(3), since T(t) does not always equal to 0 , therefore
(6)
As for Eq.(5), 3 different situations need to be discussed
Situ.1:
Then
Apparently
Substituting Eq.(2) into equation above gives
Therefore
,
Discard situ.1
Situ.2:
Then
The characteristic equation corresponding to differential equation above has two different real roots
Therefore its general solution is
Substituting Eq.(2) into equation above gives
Therefore
,
Discard situ.2
Situ.3:
Then
The characteristic equation corresponding to differential equation above has two different imaginary roots
Therefore its general solution is
Substituting Eq.(2) into equation above gives
In order to let ,
Then
Consequently
Therefore
And
Which still not satisfy Eq.(3), since is a function relevant to positive integer .
Construct
Where is infinite linear combination of , and satisfies Eq.(1) and Eq.(2)
Then substituting the equation above into Eq.(3) gives
Where according to Fourier Series,
一维达朗贝尔方程
(必考)Show D’Alembert’s formula
Satisfies
Proof:
can be written as
Then
And
While
And
Therefore
Then
Derivation of D’Alembert’s formula of one-dimensional wave equation
General solution of one-dimensional wave equation
Substitution:
;
Using chain rule gives
Therefore
Similarly
Consequently
Integral for gives
Integral the equation on both sides gives
Hence the general solution of one-dimen
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