数学物理方法学习资料汇总.doc

数学物理方法资料汇总 (10.09)第一章 分离变量法 Method of Separation of Variables Suppose Hence (1) (2) (3) As for Eq.(1), rearranging the equation gives Where A is a constant irrelevant to either x or t, therefore (4) (5) As for Eq.(4), rearranging the equation and integral on both sides gives Hence As for Eq.(3), since T(t) does not always equal to 0 , therefore (6) As for Eq.(5), 3 different situations need to be discussed Situ.1: Then Apparently Substituting Eq.(2) into equation above gives Therefore , Discard situ.1 Situ.2: Then The characteristic equation corresponding to differential equation above has two different real roots Therefore its general solution is Substituting Eq.(2) into equation above gives Therefore , Discard situ.2 Situ.3: Then The characteristic equation corresponding to differential equation above has two different imaginary roots Therefore its general solution is Substituting Eq.(2) into equation above gives In order to let , Then Consequently Therefore And Which still not satisfy Eq.(3), since is a function relevant to positive integer . Construct Where is infinite linear combination of , and satisfies Eq.(1) and Eq.(2) Then substituting the equation above into Eq.(3) gives Where according to Fourier Series, 一维达朗贝尔方程 (必考)Show D’Alembert’s formula Satisfies Proof: can be written as Then And While And Therefore Then Derivation of D’Alembert’s formula of one-dimensional wave equation General solution of one-dimensional wave equation Substitution: ; Using chain rule gives Therefore Similarly Consequently Integral for gives Integral the equation on both sides gives Hence the general solution of one-dimen