毕业设计（论文）-双孢菇真空预冷装置设计.doc

摘 要 双孢蘑菇的采摘、储存、运输过程中的保鲜一般都是采用冷藏方式。储存和运输环节的冷藏已经有比较成熟的设备，采摘后到冷库过程的冷藏也有相应的设备，但由于本人接触较少，对设备构造及原理和应用不是很了解。为此，我试图将双孢蘑菇进入冷库前应用到的真空预冷技术应用到毕业设计中，从而形成双孢蘑菇真空预冷装置的设计理念。 本文阐明了果蔬真空预冷装置的原理、组成、特性及优点；给出了基本设计参数的确定方法及计算公式, 可供专业人员设计参考。将双孢菇储藏真空预冷技术应用到双孢菇采收的过程中, 提出了蔬菜田间真空预冷装置的设计理念。设计以10000kg/车、处理量500kg /次为例, 介绍了真空预冷装置各主要部件的设计方法。 关键词：双孢蘑菇、真空、预冷装置、设计 Abstract Agarics’ picking, storage, transport process is usually adopts refrigeration fresh way. Storage and transport links have been developed comparatively mature equipment, and after being picked to cold storage process of refrigeration equipment, there are corresponding, but because I contact less, on the equipment structure and principle and application is not very understanding Therefore, before agarics getting into refrigerated storage room well attempt to make the vacuum pre-drying cold technology to the process of the harvest which forming a design idea of agarics’ vacuum pre-drying cold room. The thesis not only stated the principle and combinations and features and advantages of vegetable vacuum precooling device, but also gave the designable ways and the formulas for calculating the basic parameters, which can be refereed to by designer. Will one pair of vacuum storage precooling technology is applied to one pair in the process of collecting, and put forward the vegetables in the field of vacuum precooling device design idea. Design with 10000 kg/car, productivity 500 kg/time for an example, this paper introduces the vacuum precooling device of major parts of the design method. Key words: Agaricus bisporus、acuum cooling、forecooling installation 第一章 引 言 1.1 课题的背景和意义 本文设计依据的基本理论是将少量产品的水分蒸发，并使产品温度降到所需程度，真空预冷技术的发展顺应了食品趋向高营养保鲜的潮流，满足了人们对食用天然食品的要求。预冷是一种将采摘后的蔬菜温度快速降下来的方式，使种植者能在农产品最佳成熟的时机收获，从而可以满足消费者的最大的品质需求。本文主要介绍真空预冷的工作原理及其装置的结构设计，真空预冷装置主要由真空系统、制冷系统和控制系统组成，本文也详细的介绍了真空预冷装置的真空室、蒸发器和冷凝器的设计，并对控制系统作以简单的描述。真空室是该装置的重要部件，文中对其壁厚和结构作了详细的设计计算。真空泵是该系统装置的主要动力设备，它的主要作用是保持真空室的真空度，从而使得产品达到降温的目的。表1-1 草莓采摘后在不同温度下的寿命 温度(℃) 20 6 1 天数(日) 2 9 18 ，K