chapter_1_11.pptVIP

Medical Physics Teacher: QIU Qingchun (邱庆春） Professor of Physics Telo) email: qcqiu@stu.edu.cn Chapter 1 Introduction and Background to Medical Physics Part B Introduction to mathematical background This part is also important as physical ideas are expressed by mathematical formulas. Generally speaking, if you would like to be good at physics, you have to be good at mathematics. 1.1 An introduction to physics Medical Fibrescopes 1.2 Physical Backgrounds 1.2.1 Physical concepts Physical quantities and units; Precision and significant figures; Scientific notation. 1.2.2 Mathematical backgrounds Vectors 矢量 (addition, components, products); Calculus 微积分 (1) The addition of vectors (2) Components of vectors (3) Unit vectors (4) products of vectors What is Science? Science is the systematic study of the nature and behavior of the material and physical universe, based on observation experiment and measurement, and the formulation of laws to describe these facts in general terms. Back Wave model of light We can see water waves but we cannot see waves of light. It is valuable to think of light as if it were made up of waves because experiments on light indicate that it behaves as water waves do in many respects. Back Planetary model of the atoms No model is ever perfect and scientists are constantly trying to refine their models or to think up new ones when the old ones do not seem adequate. The atomic model of matter has gone through many refinements. At one time or another, atoms are imagined as tiny spheres with hooks on them (to explain chemical bonding) or tiny billiard (台球的) balls continually bouncing against each other. In the early of last century, the “Planetary model of the atoms visualizes the atom as a nucleus with electrons revolving round it, just as the planets revolve about the sun. Back Theories and Models ? Generally, Theories come from successful model. Sometimes the two words are used interchangeably