猜词讲义及练习.docVIP

阅读理解解题方法之猜测词义 一、词义猜测题常用的提问方式有： 1. The word “…” could best be replaced by_______. 2. The word “…” is most likely to refer to ______. 3. What do you think the expression “…” stands for? 4. The underlined word “…” means ______. 二、猜词方法： 1. Word Formation 构词法： 掌握前后缀规律，如un-, im-, in-, dis-, il-等前缀与-less等后缀可构成反义词；后缀-ful, -ly, -ism, -ness等可改换词性。而合成词要在正确理解两词的基础上，结合上下文把握两词之间的关系，猜测词义；而对词义的转化，也要求结合上下文来猜测。 2. Definition 定义法--- 定语，定语从句，同位语及括号，冒号，破折号 3. Contrast对照法：利用文中的反义词以及表对比关系的词（组）猜测词义。 key words:but、while、however、otherwise、on the contrary、nevertheless 4. Similarity 相似法---key words: likewise、also、or、similarly 5. Cause Effect 因果法---key words: because、 since、for、as、to、as a result、thus 6. Example 例举法：利用文中的举例猜测词义。Key words: for instance、 for example、such as等 。 7. Context 上下文：利用语境及前后的提示来猜测词义。 8. Common sense 常识：根据普通常识和生活经验来猜测词义。 三、练习 1） Passage 1 Even the Ethiopian public has only seen Lucy (the 3.2 million-year-old Lucy skeleton骨骼)twice. The Lucy on exhibition at the Ethiopian National Museum in the capital, Addis Ababa,a replica while the real remains are usually locked in a secret storeroom.(2012全国卷2 ) What do the underlined words “a replica” refer to? A. A painting of the skeleton B. A photograph of Lucy C. A copy of the skeleton D. A written record of Lucy Passage 2 The ruler had been so cruel and dishonest that after the revolution he was banished. A few members of the Senate(参议院) opposed this decision, but the majority voted that the ruler should leave the country for ever. The underlined word “banished” mean_______. A. killed by stoning B. sent away C. imprisoned D. punished by whipping Passage 3 When Kahlos paintings were on show in London, a poet described her paintings as a ribbon(丝带) around a bomb. Such comments seem to suggest Kahlo had a big influence on the art world of her time. Sadly, she is actually a much bigger name today than she was during her time. (2012安徽) What does the phrase “a