Chapter1 Introduction of UK.pptVIP

Chapter One A Brief Introduction to UK Geography 1. Name, Size and Position Different names: Britain, Great Britain The U.K. The British Isles What are the difference of these names? Map of the world Map of Europe Size Made up of 4 countries: England (largest) Scotland Wales N.I. (Smallest) Total area:244,110 Km2 Position Relative position: western Europe South: English Channel; East: North Sea West: Irish sea Position in map: 50°-60°north latitude 2°-8°west longitude The prime meridian (本初子午线) of 0°passes through the old observatory at Greenwich. Territory and Administrative Areas 2% of the world land area; 75th in size in the world 500km widest; 1000km from south to north 69 administrative areas (E46; S9; W8; NI6) England England is located in the southern part of Great Britain. The name England comes from the words Angle land. The Angles were people who came from northern Germany in the 5th and 6th centuries, after the Romans had left. The French name for England is Angleterre, which also means Angle land. There were also invasions of southern England by Saxons and Jutes (people from another part of northern Germany). English people are sometimes called Anglo-Saxons. The Celts who used to live in this area were forced to move back into Scotland, Ireland, Cornwall and into Western France (the area known as Brittany). Stonehenge The role of London 1/7 of the national population Seat of the government Cultural center Business center Financial center Compared to other cities of the USA and China Physical features of Scotland Most rugged（rocky） part of the UK with mountains and lakes Three Parts: Highland (north) Lowland (middle), the Upland (south) ? People in the lowland zone Glasgow(格拉斯哥): the largest city Edinburgh, the capital; both have universities dating back to the 15th century Clan-tribe Culture Tartan skirts Destroyed in the years after 1745 due to the Scottish rebellions Emig