组织工程持久支架如何恢复神经系统结构和功能？.docVIP

组织工程持久支架如何恢复神经系统结构和功能？ 神经组织工程的前提是与主控神经系统工程化生物体组织的整合，并直接使丧失功能恢复或增强神经系统损伤或神经退行性疾病后的再生能力。轴突通路断开，即长距离纤维连接中枢神经系统或周围中继信号的专门区域，是许多神经系统疾病和损伤的共同特点。然而，功能性轴突再生却很少发生：到目标的距离过长、缺少定向轴突引导，以及中枢神经系统中存在的抑制因子都会导致对认知和感觉运动功能的破坏性后果。为了解决这一问题，美国宾夕法尼亚大学D. Kacy Cullen教授所在实验室主要利用组织工程“持久骨架”，即一种预制三维结构，由既定的神经细胞组成的各向异性架构来研究这一问题。持久支架旨在通过为目标轴突再生提供存活的标记途径回复来恢复丧失功能，并能模仿关键的发育机制，或通过直接更换神经元和丢失轴突恢复神经电路。他们目前主要使用神经元集群组成的持久支架为轴突提供桥梁以方便长距离轴突再生或重建大脑中的局部神经回路，尽管改种方法在临床前和临床发展中还面临着严峻挑战，但这些持久组织工程结构代表了促进神经系统修复和功能恢复的有前途的策略。相关内容发表在2015年5月第5期《中国神经再生研究（英文版）》杂志上。 Article: Restoring nervous system structure and function using tissue engineered living scaffolds by Laura A. Struzyna1, 2, James P. Harris1, 2, Kritika S. Katiyar1, 3, H. Isaac Chen1, 2, D. Kacy Cullen1, 2 (1 Center for Brain Injury and Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; 2 Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration, and Restoration, Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA; 3 School of Biomedical Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA) Struzyna LA, Harris JP, Katiyar KS, Chen HI, Cullen DK (2015) Restoring nervous system structure and function using tissue engineered living scaffolds. Neural Regen Res 10(5):679-685. 欲获更多资讯： HYPERLINK / / Restoring nervous system structure and function using tissue engineered living scaffolds Neural tissue engineering is premised on the integration of engineered living tissue with the host nervous system to directly restore lost function or to augment regenerative capacity following nervous system injury or neurodegenerative disease. Disconnection of axon pathways – the long-distance fibers connecting specialized regions of the central nervous system (CNS) or relaying peripheral signals – is a common feature of many neurological disorders and injury. However, functional axonal regeneration rarely occurs due to extreme distances to targets, absence of directed guidance, and the presence of inhibitory factors