发电厂阀门的维修和维护.docVIP

发电厂阀门的维修和维护 ValveRepair and Maintenance in Power Plants 火力发电厂阀门带压堵漏技术 Plugging Technology under Pressure in Thermal Power Plant 发电厂阀门主要用于控制各种设备及其管路上流体介质的运行，阀门的泄漏常发生在填料、法兰密封及阀体上，阀门长时间泄漏可造成阀杆和法兰密封面的冲蚀，最终可使阀门报废，加上介质流体的损失，使电厂的消耗增加，成本上升，经济效益下降。如果介质流体有毒、易燃、易爆、腐蚀性等发生外泄漏，则容易发生中毒、火灾、爆炸等伤亡事故和加快厂房设备的腐蚀速度，缩短其使用寿命，严重时污染周边环境，破坏电力生产，损害人们的身体健康。泄漏的存在严重威胁着安全生产，使电厂的非计划停机事故增多。以下介绍一些阀门泄漏原因及堵漏方法以及对阀门的维修和维护方法，供参考????The valves in power plants are mainly used to control all kinds of equipments and the operation of the service fluid on the pipeline. The valve leakage usually occurs on the packings,flange seals and valve body, that the long-time leakage will damage the stem and flange sealing surface, which will finally damage the entire valve. And the loss of service fliud will increase the consumption and costs, which will decline economic benefits.If the service fluid contains any toxic, flammable, explosive, corrosive substances, the leakage will cause accidents such as poisoning, fires, explosions and speed up the corrosion against the equipments and shorten their life.For serious circumstances, it will pollute surrounding environment, damage power production and do harm to peoples health.Leakage greatly threatens the production safety and cause more unplanned shutdowns of the power plants.Hereinafter are some causes of valve leakage and Plugging methods as well as valve repair and maintenance methods for reference. 2?阀门外漏的形式及因素 2 .Valve Leakage Types and Its Causes ??? 2.1?阀门填料的泄漏及原因 Packing Leakage and Its Causes 阀门在操作使用过程中，阀杆同填料之间存在着相对运动，它包括转动和轴向移动。随着开关次数的增加，相对运动的次数也随之增多，还有温度，压力和流体介质的特性等影响，阀门填料是最容易发生泄漏的部位。它是由于填料接触压力的逐渐减弱，填料自身的老化，失去了弹性等原因引起的。这时压力介质就会沿着填料与阀杆的接触间隙向外泄漏，长时间会把部分填料吹走和将阀杆冲刷出沟槽，从而使泄漏扩大化。 During the valve operation, there’re relative movements(rotation and axial movement) between the stem and packing. Along with the increasement of the number of opening/closing,the relative movements will increase accordingly, as well as other characteristics such as temperature,pressure an