碱法麦草浆碱回收系统(english).docVIP

Chemical Recovery System for Alkali Wheat Straw Pulp The chemical recovery system for alkali wheat straw pulp consists of black liquor extraction, black liquor evaporation, black liquor combustion, and causticizing processes. This paper mainly introduces black liquor evaporation and black liquor combustion processes. 1. Black Liquor Evaporation In China, the size of evaporation station depends on the yielding capacity of pulp. Table 1 shows the yielding capacity of evaporation stations according to pulp paper yields. In addition, the capacities of evaporation stations must be associated with the amounts of black liquor extracted, black liquor concentrations, temperature, and the black liquor treatment capacities of chemical recovery boiler. Table 1 Yielding Capacity of Evaporation Stations Pulp Yield/t穌-1 (air dried) 75 100 Evaporation Amount/t穐-1 37 50 Evaporator Black liquor evaporation systems are divided into tubular evaporators and plate evaporators according to the structures. Tubular evaporators are further divided into short-tube auto-circular evaporators, long-tube rising film evaporators, and tubular falling film evaporators. The evaporators are operated at low pressure vacuum conditions. The designed air pressure is 0.25~0.3MPa, with 100% vacuum degree. Table 2 indicates different types of evaporators. Table 2 Different Evaporators with Properties Plate falling film evaporator Tubular falling film evaporator Long-tube rising film evaporator Short-pipe evaporator Heat transfer evaporation mechanism Surface evaporation Surface evaporation Convection heat transfer nucleate boiling Convection heat transfer Outlet black liquor concentration Dry wet stocking, continuous cooking 45~50 45~50 40 40 Dry stocking, spherical cooking 40~45 40~45 38~40 38~40 Fouling rate Slow Slow Fast Fairly slow Washing scale-removal Scale removed by foul condensates, sparse black liquor alkali liquor, or high pressure hydraulic descaling. Scouring, espe