03_Top_Level_View_of_Computer_Function_and_Interconnection.ppt

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Memory Connection Receives and sends data Receives addresses (of locations) Receives control signals Read Write Timing Input/Output Connection(1) Similar to memory from computer’s viewpoint Output Receive data from computer Send data to peripheral Input Receive data from peripheral Send data to computer Input/Output Connection(2) Receive control signals from computer Send control signals to peripherals e.g. spin disk Receive addresses from computer e.g. port number to identify peripheral Send interrupt signals (control) CPU Connection Reads instruction and data Writes out data (after processing) Sends control signals to other units Receives ( acts on) interrupts BUS INTERCONECTION There are a number of possible interconnection systems Single and multiple BUS structures are most common e.g. Control/Address/Data bus (PC) e.g. Unibus (DEC-PDP) What is a Bus? A communication pathway connecting two or more devices Usually broadcast Often grouped A number of channels in one bus e.g. 32 bit data bus is 32 separate single bit channels Power lines may not be shown Data Bus Carries data Remember that there is no difference between “data” and “instruction” at this level Width is a key determinant of performance Each line can carry only 1 bit at a time The number of lines determines how many bits can be transferred at a time 8, 16, 32, 64 bit Address bus Identify the source or destination of data e.g. CPU needs to read an instruction (data) from a given location in memory Bus width determines maximum memory capacity of system e.g. 8080 has 16 bit address bus giving 64k address space Control Bus Control signals transmit both command and timing information among system modules Timing signals indicate the validity of data and address information Command signals specify operations to be performed Memory read/write signal Interrupt request Clock signals Bus Interconnection Scheme Physically, the system bus is a num