弹力 英文版.docxVIP

TWO-DIMENSIONAL PROBLEMS IN POLAR COORDINATES 111 The moment of all the external forces with respect to 0, from Fig. 74, is as this moment must be zero for a system in equilibrium, we conclude that the shearing forces (m) are zero. The force obtained by summation of the stresses (k), proportional to the vectorial sum of the external forces, is also zero for a system in equilibrium. Hence it is only necessary to apply at the boundary of the disk a uniform compression (L) in order to maintain the simple radial distributions. If the boundary is free from uniform compression, the stress at any point of the disk is obtained by super- posing a uniform tension of magnitude on the simple radial distributions. By using this general method, various other cases stress distribution in disks can easily be solved. l may select, for instance, the case the disk (Fig.75)，balanced by a of a couple acting couple applied at the center of the disk. Assuming two equal radial stress distributions at A and B, (l) and the summation of (k) we see that, in this case are zero and only shearing forces (m) need be applied at the boundary in order to maintain the from (m), is simple radial stress distributions. The intensity of these forces (n) where is the moment of the couple. To free the boundary of the disk from shearing forces and transfer the couple balancing the pair of forces P from the circumference of the disk to its center, it is necessary to superpose on the simple radial distributions the stresses of the case shown in Fig. 75b. These latter stresses, produced by pure circumferential shear, can easily be calculated if we observe that for each concentric circle of radius r the shearing stresses must give a couple Mi. Hence, (p) These stresses may also be derived from the general equations (38) by taking as the stress function