微积分基础知识大一课程经典讲解week5.docVIP

Chapter 3 Derivatives(continued) 4. Derivatives of Piecewise Defined Functions Example1 Solution 5.Differentials(微分) 1)Definition The differential of a function y=f(x) is is the differential of x. Note d(C)=0 Example2 Solution Solution2 1) 2) 3) 4) Exercises1. 2.Find dy if Solution 4. 6.Linear Approximations(近似) ExampleApproximate the value of In particular, whenExamples Proof Chapter 4 Applications of Differentiation 1.Definition 1)A function f has an absolute maximum(or global maximum) at c if for all x in D, where D is the domain of f. The number f(c) is called the maximum value of f on D. 2)Similarly, f has an absolute minimum at c if for all x in D and the number f(c) is called the minimum value of f on D. 3)The maximum and minimum values of f are called the extreme values of f. 2.Definition 1)A function f has a local maximum(or relative maximum) at c if when x is near c. 2)Similarly, f has a local minimum at c if when x is near c. 3.The Extreme Value Theorem If f is continuous on [a, b], then f attains an absolute maximum value f(c) and an absolute minimum value f(d) at some numbers c and d in [a, b]. 4.Fermat’s(费尔马) Theorem f has a local maximum/minimum at c, f ’(c)exist Note 5. Definition critical number c: f ’(c)=0 or does not exist. 6. The Closed Interval Method To find the absolute maximum and minimum values of a continuous function f on [a, b]: Step1 Find the values of f at the critical numbers of f in (a, b). Step2 Find f(a) and f(b). Step3 the largestthe smallest Example Find the absolute maximum and minimum values of Solution Chapter 4 Applications of Differentiation(continued) 1. The Mean Value Theorem(MVT) or Lagrange(拉格朗日定理) If 1) f is continuous on [a, b]. 2) f is differentiable on (a, b). Then there is a number c in(a, b) such that Example1 Prove t