Unit 6 Linear Circuit Analysis.pptVIP

Unit 6 Linear Circuit Analysis Index Pre-reading 6. 1 Text 6. 2 Reading materials 6. 3 Knowledge about translation 6. 4 Exercises 6. 5 课文参考译文 6. 6 阅读材料参考译文 Pre-reading Read the following passage, paying attention to the question. 1 What is Kirchhoff s Current Law? 2 What is Kirchhoff s Voltage Law? 3 Why the sinusoid is an extremely important function? 6. 1 Text 6.1.1 Electric Circuit 6.1.2 Ohm’s Law 6.1.3 Kirchhoff’s Law 6.1.4 Circuit Analysis Techniques 6.1.5 Sinusoidal Circuits 6.1.1 Electric Circuit Have you ever wondered what happens when you flip a switch to turn on a light, TV, vacuum cleaner or computer? In all of these cases, you are completing an electric circuit, allowing a current, or flow of electrons, through the wires. Fig 6.1 shows a simple circuit of a flashlight with a battery at one end and a flashlight bulb at the other end. When the switch is off, a complete circuit will not exist, and there will be no current. Fig 6.1 circuit of a flashlight When the switch is on, there will be a complete circuit and a flow of current resulting in the flashbulb emitting light. Circuits can be huge power systems transmitting megawatts of power over a thousand miles – or tiny microelectronic chips containing millions of transistors. This extraordinary shrinkage of electronic circuits made desktop computers possible. The new frontier promises to be nanoelectronic circuits with device sizes in the nanometers one-billionth of a meter . 6.1.2 Ohm’s Law Suppose that some material is connected to the terminals of an ideal voltage source u t as shown in Fig 6.2.Suppose that u t 1V， then the electric potential at the top of the material is 1V above the potential at the bottom. Fig 6.2 connect R to an ideal voltage source Since an electron has a negative charge, electrons in the material will tend to flow from bottom to top. Therefore, we say that a current tends to go from top to bottom through the material. Hence, for the given polarity, when u