《电机应用技术教学资料》DC_Motor.pptVIP

The Basic Of DC Motor In any electric motor, operation is based on simple electromagnetism. A?current-carrying conductor generates a magnetic field; when this is placed in an external magnetic field, it will experience a force proportional to the?current in the conductor, and to the strength of the external magnetic field. The internal configuration of a?DC?motor is designed to harness the magnetic interaction between a?current-carrying conductor and an external magnetic field to generate rotational motion. 在任何一个电动机中，它的运行是基于简单的电磁学。一个载流导体产生电磁场，当这个导体放置在一个外部磁场中时，它将会在导体中产生一个正比于电流的力，并对外部磁场也有作用。直流电机内部配置是利用磁性载流导体的相互作用和外部磁场来产生旋转运动来设计。 Lets start by looking at a simple 2-pole DC electric motor (here red represents a magnet or winding with a North polarization, while green represents a magnet or winding with a South polarization). 我们先看一个简单的双极型直流电机(这里红色代表一块“北”极化的磁铁,而绿色代表了一块“南”极化的磁铁) Every?DC?motor has six basic parts -- axle, rotor (a.k.a., armature), stator, commutator, field magnet(s), and brushes. In most common DC motors the external magnetic field is produced by high-strength permanent magnets. The stator is the stationary part of the motor -- this includes the motor casing, as well as two or more permanent magnet pole pieces. The rotor (together with the axle and attached commutator) rotate with respect to the stator. The rotor consists of windings (generally on a core), the windings being electrically connected to the commutator. The above diagram shows a common motor layout -- with the rotor inside the stator (field) magnets. 每一个直流电机有六个基本零件——轴、转子(又称为电枢)、定子、换向器、场磁铁(s)和电刷。在大多数普通直流电机中，磁场是由高强度永久磁铁产生的。定子是静止不动的部分——这包括电机外壳,以及两个或两个以上的永磁杆片。转子(连同车轴及附件) 相对定子旋转。转子又由绕组 (一般是在一个核心)组成,各绕组之间被电连接到换向器。上图显示的是一种常见的电机的转子内部布局——定子(场)的磁铁 The geometry of the brushes, commutator contacts, and rotor windings are such that when power is applied, the polarities of the energized winding and the stator magnet(s) are misaligned, and the rotor will rotate until it is almost aligned with the stators