第四册重点词汇.docVIP

附：Book 4 重点词汇及词组 Unit 1 1. campaign n.战役，运动 vi. 参加运动, 作战 【例句】① He fought in the Japanese campaign against Russia in the last war. 在上次战役中他参加了日本对俄的战役。 ② That politician won the presidential election campaign and became the President. 那位政治家赢得了总统选举，成为了总统。 ③ She spent her life campaigning for equal rights for women. 她毕生致力于妇女平等运动. 【搭配】to carry on (conduct, wage ) a campaign 开展一场运动；to launch(mount, organize) a campaign 发动一场运动；an advertising campaign 宣传战；an anti-smoking campaign 禁止抽烟运动；an election campaign 竞选活动 【派生】campaigner 活动家 【辨析】campaign movement campaign特指轰轰烈烈的宣传运动或是目的明确时间较短的运动；movement指“动作，运动”，多用于社会、思想等方面，如 the May 4th Movement 五四运动。 2. retreat v. 撤退,隐退,向后倾 [同] withdraw, fall back n. 休息寓所,撤退,隐居 【例句】① The soldiers had to retreat when they were beaten in battle. 士兵们在战斗中受挫，不得不撤退。 ② After a week’s work, I’d like to retreat to the country to relax.工作一周后，我喜欢躲到乡下去松弛一下。 【搭配】retreat from…to… 从…撤退到…；be in full retreat 被全线击退 【近形】retire v. 退休，就寝；retrieve v.重新得到，取回 3. stroke n. 击，打,笔画，中风，突然一阵好运 v. 抚摸 【例句】① With one stroke of his ax, he had cut the tree down.他一斧子就砍倒了这棵树。 ② The mother stroked the baby’s head. 母亲抚摸着孩子的头。 【搭配】a stroke of lighting 闪电的一击；heat/summer stroke 中暑；at a stroke 一下子，一举，一鼓作气；butterfly stroke 蝶泳；a stroke of luck 意外的一桩幸事 【近形】strike v. 打，击，猛然攻击；strive v. 努力，奋斗，追求；strode（stride的一般过去时）大步走 4. conquest n. 征服，胜利果实[反] surrender 【例句】① They succeeded in the conquest of the city. 他们成功地征服了这座城市。 ② He is one of her many conquests. 她倾倒众生, 他是其中之一. 【搭配】conquest of fear 克服恐惧 【派生】conquer v. 克服，征服；conqueror n. 征服者 5. efficient a. 效率高的,有能力的 [反] inefficient 【例句】① Hes very efficient at his job as a secretary. 他完全胜任秘书这份工作。 ② The heating system has recently been modified to make it more efficient. 最近供暖设备已稍加改动以提高效率. 【辨析】efficient, effective efficient的意思是“效率高的”，effective的意思是“有效果的，起作用的”。如：The machine is efficient. 这台机器效率高。This medicine is specially effective against heart disease. 该药对心脏病有特效。 【派生】efficiency 效率 【近形】sufficient 充分的，充足的 6. engage vt.使忙碌, 雇