RoughSets(3-1)2012A.pptVIP

* * * * * * * ? Zhihai WANG, 2012 * Lower Upper Approximations (3) X1 = {u | Flu(u) = yes} = {u2, u3, u6, u7} RX1 = {u2, u3} = {u2, u3, u6, u7, u8, u5} X2 = {u | Flu(u) = no} = {u1, u4, u5, u8} RX2 = {u1, u4} = {u1, u4, u5, u8, u7, u6} The indiscernibility classes defined by R = {Headache, Temp.} are {u1}, {u2}, {u3}, {u4}, {u5, u7}, {u6, u8}. ? Zhihai WANG, 2012 * Lower Upper Approximations (4) R = {Headache, Temp.} U/R = { {u1}, {u2}, {u3}, {u4}, {u5, u7}, {u6, u8}} X1 = {u | Flu(u) = yes} = {u2,u3,u6,u7} X2 = {u | Flu(u) = no} = {u1,u4,u5,u8} RX1 = {u2, u3} = {u2, u3, u6, u7, u8, u5} RX2 = {u1, u4} = {u1, u4, u5, u8, u7, u6} u1 u4 u3 X1 X2 u5 u7 u2 u6 u8 ? Zhihai WANG, 2012 * Properties of Approximations (1) implies and Y X Y B X B Y X B Y B X B Y X B U U B U B B B X B X X B í ? = ? è = è = = = = í í ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( , ) ( ) ( ) ( f f f ? Zhihai WANG, 2012 * Properties of Approximations (2) where -X denotes U - X. ? Zhihai WANG, 2012 * Four Basic Classes of Rough Sets X is roughly B-definable, iff and X is internally B-undefinable, iff and X is externally B-undefinable, iff and X is totally B-undefinable, iff and ? Zhihai WANG, 2012 * Accuracy of Approximation 　 where |X| denotes the cardinality of Obviously If X is crisp with respect to B. If X is rough with respect to B. ? Zhihai WANG, 2012 * Basic Viewpoints Classification viewpoint of knowledge Boundary viewpoint of concepts New membership function ? Zhihai WANG, 2012 * Issues in the Decision Table The same or indiscernible objects may be represented several times. Some of the attributes may be superfluous (redundant). That is, their removal cannot worsen the classification. ? Zhihai WANG, 2012 * Reducts Keep only t