商务英语pptnew.pptVIP

Language Features of English Contracts General introduction of contract A contract is an agreement, which legally binds the parties concerned. 在由Steven H. Gifts编著的“Law Dictionary”中，contract被定义为 “a promise, or a set of promises, for breach of which the law gives remedy, or the performance of the which the law in some way recognize as a duty.” 合同是一种承诺，违反承诺可以得到法律救助，在某种意义上，法律将履行该承诺看作是一种补偿。综上可见，合同是平等主体之间设立的确定民事权利和义务的法律协议。 Classification of contracts 正式合同 Contract (P197) 协议书 Agreement 确议书 Confirmation 备忘录 Memorandum 订单 Order 意向书 Letter of intent Formation of contract 一.约首(the head) 1.合同名称 Title 2. 前文（前言） Preamble 1) Date of signing 2) Signing parties 3) Each party’s authority 当事人的合法依据 4）Place of signing 5) Recitals or WHEREAS clause 定约缘由 二. 本文（Body) 定义条款 （Definition clause) 基本条款（Basic conditions) 一般条款（General terms and conditions) 合同有效期限 （Duration) 终止 (Termination) 不可抗力 （Force Majeure) 合同的让与 （Assignment) 仲裁 （Arbitration) 适用法律 （governing law) 诉讼管辖 （Jurisdiction) 通知手续 （Notice) 合同的修改 （Amendment) 其他 （Others) 三.约尾（the tail) 结尾语包括合同的份数、使用的文字和效力等 （Concluding sentence) 签名 （Signature) 盖印 （Seal) Features of English Contracts Accuracy 精确 – Say what you mean. Clarity 明晰 – Clarity is promoted by using the active voice, keeping subject close to verb and verb close to direct object, making the elements of a sentence parallel in structure, being careful in word choice and usage, and punctuating correctly. Concision 简短 – Saying all that needs to be said with fewest number of words. Simplicity 简洁 – Put the necessary words together in a straight-forward, unconvoluted, simple manner. Tone 专业 – Legal documents are about serious matters. Professional is perhaps the word that best describes the tone of good legal writing. Language features 1. Use many formal words and professional words 多使用正式或法律上的用词 1）At the request of Party B, Party A agrees to send technicians to assist Party B to install the equipment. 应乙方要求，甲方同意派遣技术员帮助乙方安装设备(help) 2）P