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不同双行种植模式对玉米产量及经济效益影响分析.doc
不同双行种植模式对玉米产量及经济效益影响分析
摘要:研究广西山区玉米不同双行种植模式对玉米产量及经济效益的影响,找出最佳双行种植模式,为广西山区玉米合理和高效种植提供科学依据。以广西玉米主推品种正大999、正大619和玉美头105为供试材料,于2011年在广西3个有代表性的玉米产区进行玉米不同双行种植模式试验。试验结果表明所用三个玉米品种产量之间的差异不显著,但不同地点间产量差异显著,品种和种植方式的互作差异不显著,但不同种植方式之间差异极显著。双行双株种植方式产出投入比最低,仅为5.84;双行三株种植方式产出投入比最高,其值为6.23;双行单株种植方式的产出投入比介于这两者之间,其值为6.06,双行三株的种植方式产出投入比最高,效益最好。
关键词:玉米;种植模式;产量;经济效益
中图分类号:S513 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1003-4374(2013)05-0024-04
Abstract: To study the impact of different double-row planting models for spring maize on the yield and economic benefit, to find the best planting model and to provide scientific references for reasonable and high efficient planting in Guangxi mountain area. To take main varieties popularly planting in Guangxi such as Zhengda999, Zhengda619 and Yumeitou105 as tested materials, the experiment was conducted in Hechi, Guilin, and Nanning.The results show that the yield difference between three varieties and the interaction of variety planting model were not significant, but the yield between different locations was significant but the interactions of variety planting model were extra significant. The ratio of income to investment of double-row double plants was the lowest, only 5.84. The highest ratio belonged to double-row triple plants and was 6.23. The ratio of income to investment of double-row single plant was between the lowest and highest ratio, which was 6.06. The double-row triple plants planting model was recommended as the best one based with best economic benefit.
Key words: Maize; planting model; yield; economic benefits
玉米是广西重要的粮食作物,常年播种面积53.3万-66.7万hm2(广西年鉴, 2011)。开展“双行单株”、“双行双株” 和“双行三株”不同种植模式,研究在相同密度下对播种、中耕等效率、保苗壮苗、抗倒性、抗病性和产量的影响,筛选出种植效率最高的模式和适应品种,为探索出劳力投入少、田间管理效率高、“一穴双株或多株”种植方式提供理论依据。李凤海等(2011)通过对“大垄双行”、“二比空”和“偏垄宽窄行”3种种植形式的研究结果表明,三种种植形式与常规种植相比,产量增加显著,生物产量增加,并指出“偏垄宽窄行”是增密增产的最佳种植方式。何敏等(2013)探讨玉米不同种植方式对玉米生产的影响,结果表明适当扩大行距,合理保持株距,增加单位面积有效株数有利于提高有效果穗数,从而相应提高单位面积产量[2]。樊丽生等(2012)用生产上常用的3个耐密玉米品种,通过改变种植方式,增加种植密度对其产量构成相关性状进行比较分析。结果表明双行双株种植方式可以改善玉米群
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