Chapter10DataDisplayandCartography.pptVIP

Chapter10 Data Display and Cartography Introduction Cartographic Symbolization Types of Maps Typography Map Design Map Production Key Concepts and Terms Applications Introduction Maps are an interface to GIS. We view, query, and analyze maps. We plot maps to examine results of query and analysis. And we produce maps for presentation and reports. As a visual tool, maps are most effective in communicating geospatial data, whether the emphasis is on the location or the distribution pattern of the data. 1、Cartographic Symbolization Cartography is the making and study of maps in all their aspects. A basic element of cartography is symbolization, the use of different map symbols to represent spatial features. 1.1 Spatial Features and Map Symbols Spatial features are characterized by their locations and attributes. 1、Cartographic Symbolization 1.1 Spatial Features and Map Symbols To display a spatial feature on a map, we use a map symbol to indicate the feature’s location and a visual variable, or visual variable. Choice of map symbol is simple for raster data; choice of map symbol for vector data depends on the feature type. Visual variables for data display include hue, value, chroma, size, texture, shape, and pattern. 1、Cartographic Symbolization 1.1 Spatial Features and Map Symbols The choice of visual variables is limited in the case of raster data. The visual variables of shape and size do not apply to raster data because of the use of cells. 1、Cartographic Symbolization 1.2 Use of Color Because color adds a special appeal to a map, mapmakers will choose color maps over black and white maps whenever possible. Hue is the quality that distinguishes one color from another, such as red from blue. Value is the lightness or darkness of a color, with black at the lower end and white at the higher end. Chroma refer to the richness, or brilliance. 1、Cartographic Symbolization 1.2 Use of Color The first rule of thumb in use of color is simple. 1、Cartographic Symbolization 1.