Chinesequalitystory.docVIP

品质点滴 Written by Sean Gu It is generally thought that the system of the modern business management was derived from the Western. Yet, when look back, we found Chinese people already practiced excellent quality management to business operation in the far ages. 现代的企业管理制度是按照西方工业发达国家的模式建立的，然而回顾中国历史，依然可以在残存的旧纸堆里发现很多管理智慧的星光。这些星光告诉人们，无须盲目崇拜发达国家，其实数千年前的华夏文明就已经建立了很好的质量管理制度和质量理念。 In the black ages, the primordial technology and skills limited the quality of products and their productivities. 在刀耕火种的混沌时期，生产基本是为了自用，比如一副弓箭或一个石斧，从样式设计，材料收集，制造到使用，都是同一些人来完成，质量信息可以迅速被反馈，在内部不断改进，而原始的技能是质量的主要限制因素。 Gradually, handcraftsmanship turned into a professional occupation and, in China, the government-owned handicraft industry controlled everything ranging from the national strategic products producing, like metallurgy, weapon, to the society livelihoods, like vessels, instruments, housings, etc. Quality system was borne in this industry. 进入远古时期后，劳动出现分工，产品开始在区域间互相流通，手工艺人变成专职生产者。在中国古代，手工业包罗万象，从国家战略层面的冶金、武器、车船等，到社会民生层面的器皿、乐器、建筑等，是社会经济生活的命脉。官办手工作坊具备资金、规模、技术、管理等方面的优势，在漫漫的历史长河中，一直处于支配地位。最初的质量管理体系首先在这个行业中产生了。 （一）监百工者，唐虞已上曰共工-《考工记》·春秋，[汉]郑玄注解 “Gonggong, who was the director of all handicraftsmen since the far ages” - written by ~500 B.C. and commented by ~150 D.C. The found earliest book about the handicraft technology in China was written at the Spring and Autumn period 770~476 B.C. . It was the cyclopedia of the manufacturing process and product specification of handcraftsmanship in that period. As said, there was engineer to check the product quality according to the documented specification. If failed, the producer would be punished. 成书于春秋时期的《考工记》是目前所见年代最早的手工业技术文献，保留有先秦时期官办手工业作坊中各个工种的制造工艺和产品规范，以及管理制度。在生产过程中，为了使制成品合乎规格，保证良好的质量，需设工师专管。其中记述道：“凡试梓饮器，乡衡而实不尽，梓师罪之。”这是说，当工师检验梓人（木工）所制的饮器时，如果平爵（古代酒杯）向口，爵中还留有余沥，便不合标准，梓人就要受到处罚 引自《互动百科》 。根据东汉学者郑玄的注解，手工艺人的管理者，在上古时代被称为共工。 This important file shows, Chinese had acknowledged it essential that the way to production management successful is to establish excellent p