安徽工业大学软件工程方木云ch8.pptVIP

Software Prototyping原型法 Rapid software development to validate requirements 快速原型开发以验证需求 Objectives教学目的 To describe the use of prototypes in different types of development project To discuss evolutionary and throw-away prototyping To explain the need for user interface prototyping Topics covered主要内容 Prototyping in the software process Prototyping techniques User interface prototyping System prototyping系统原型 Prototyping is the rapid development of a system In the past, the developed system was normally thought of as inferior in some way to the required system so further development was required Now, the boundary between prototyping and normal system development is blurred and many systems are developed using an evolutionary approach Uses of system prototypes系统原型的使用 The principal use is to help customers and developers understand the requirements for the system 帮助用户和开发者理解需求 Prototyping can be considered as a risk reduction activity which reduces requirements risks 降低风险 Prototyping benefits原型法的好处 Misunderstandings between software users and developers are exposed Missing services may be detected and confusing services may be identified A working system is available early in the process The prototype may serve as a basis for deriving a system specification The system can support user training and system testing Prototyping benefits原型法的好处 Improved system usability Closer match to the system needed Improved design quality Improved maintainability Reduced overall development effort Prototyping in the software process快速原型的类型 1. Evolutionary prototyping 进化式 An approach to system development where an initial prototype is produced and refined through a number of stages to the final system 2. Throw-away prototyping 抛弃式 A prototype which is usually a practical implementation of the system is produced to help discover requirements problems and then discarded. The system is then developed using some other development process Prototyping obj