软件工程chapter4.ppt

Object-Oriented and Classical Software Engineering Fifth Edition, WCB/McGraw-Hill, 2002Stephen R. Schachsrs@vuse.vanderbilt.edu CHAPTER 4 Overview Team organization Democratic 民主的 team approach Classical chief programmer team approach Beyond chief programmer and democratic teams Synchronize-and-stabilize teams（了解） Extreme programming teams（了解） Programming Team Organization A product must be completed within 3 months, but 1 person-year of programming is still needed Solution If one programmer can code the product in 1 year, four programmers can do it in 3 months Nonsense Four programmers will probably take nearly a year The quality of the product is usually lower Task Sharing工作分配问题 If one farm hand 农业工人 can pick a strawberry 草莓 field in 10 days, ten farm hands can pick same strawberry field in 1 day One woman can produce a baby in 9 months, but nine women cannot possibly produce that baby in 1 month Task Sharing contd Unlike baby production, it is possible to share coding tasks between members of team Unlike strawberry picking, team members must interact 相互配合 in meaningful and effective way Programming Team Organization contd Example: Freda and Joe code two modules, mA and mB, say. What can go wrong? Both Freda and Joe may code mA, and ignore mB Freda may code mA, Joe may code mB. When mA calls mB it passes 4 parameters; but mB requires 5 parameters Or, the order of parameters in mA and mB may be different Or, the order may be same, but the data types may be slightly different This has nothing whatsoever to do with technical competency Team organization is a managerial issue 管理上的问题 Communications Problems通信问题 Example There are three channels of communication between 3 programmers working on project. The deadline is rapidly approaching but the code is not nearly complete 若有一个3个人的项目要延期了怎么办？ “Obvious” solution: Add a fourth programmer to the team Communications Problems contd But other three have to explain in detail What has been accompl