第三章中尺度模式的动力框架2.pptVIP

第三章 中尺度模式的动力框架 三、网格系统和垂直坐标 1、Grid Systems and Vertical Coordinates One important step in developing a numerical model to simulate a mesoscale system is to determine appropriate 1 domain size 2 grid intervals 3 time interval 4 total integration time of the model. determined by both physical and numerical factors, such as 1 spatial scales and dimensionality of the forcing and physical processes, 2 time scales of the forcing and the fluid responses to the forcing 3 limitations of predictability of the atmospheric phenomena 4 stability criterion of the adopted numerical scheme 5 availability of computer resources. To represent mesoscale systems properly, it is required that a the meteorologically significant variations in the dependent variables caused by the mesoscale forcing and fluid responses be contained within the model b the averaging volume used to define the model grid spacing must be sufficiently small, so that the mesoscale forcings and responses are accurately represented. one needs to accurately represent multiscale processes in a finite domain. On one hand, it is important to capture the smaller-scale weather systems. On the other hand, it is equally important to capture the larger-scale environment, which is responsible for the formation and modification of the small-scale weather system. Thus, the grid and time intervals should be fine enough to resolve these small scale weather systems and processes. Therefore, model domain should be large enough to enclose the large-scale environment. Problems can arise if a domain is inappropriately selected. 1 domain size 2 grid intervals 3 time interval 4 total integration time of the model. 2、 Grid Systems a uniform grid mesh均匀网格 b stretched grid mesh 拉伸网格 c nested grid mesh巢状网格（套网格） d movable grid mesh 可移动网格 e adaptive grid mesh 自适应网格 f unstructured grid mesh自适应网格 g staggered grid mesh 交错网格 uniform grid mesh均匀网格grid intervals are set to be equal. The a