第三章中尺度模式的动力框架4_2009.pptVIP

中尺度模式 1、COAMPS 2、MM5 3、WRF Atmospheric modeling capabilities include: 1) The U. S. Navys Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS), a non-hydrostatic model 2) The Mesoscale Meteorology Model Version 5 (MM5), a non-hydrostatic model 3) The Weather Research and Forecast Model (WRF), a next-generation mesoscale prediction system COAMPS Atmospheric Model Physics and NumericsPhysics（Hodur, 1997, J. Atmos. Sci.） Nonhydrostatic, compressible equations (Klemp and Wilhelmson, JAS 1978) Scheme C grid (Arakawa and Lamb, 1974) Nested grid option Sigma-z vertical coordinate (Gal-Chen and Somerville, JPC 1975) Explicit moist physics (Rutledge and Hobbs, JAS 1983) Cumulus parameterization (Kain and Fritsch, JAS 1990) Level 2.5 TKE closure (Mellor and Yamada, RGSP 1982) Surface layer parameterization (Louis, BLM 1979) Radiation parameterization (Harshvardhan, JGR 1987) Time-dependent boundary conditions: Davis (QJRMS 1976) Perkey-Krietzberg (MWR 1976) Periodic, radiation, or fixed, for idealized simulations Prognostic Equations MM5 /mm5/mm5-home.html MM5能够用于理论和实时模拟研究 包括对季风，飓风以及龙卷风所作的预报模拟和4维数据同化。 在更小的中β和中γ尺度上（2-200km），MM5可以用于研究中尺度的对流系统，锋面，海陆风，山谷环流以及城市的热岛效应。 BACKGROUND MM5: FIFTH-GENERATION PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY / NCAR MESOSCALE MODEL 5 3D, NONHYDROSTATIC, PRIMITIVE EQUATION MODEL MM5 SYSTEM Suite of programs designed to (i) prepare (ii) produce (iii) analyze a meteorological simulation USE a) Research ( historical simulations ) b) Forecasting ( real-time operation ) MM5 8.1式 Example of an MM5 nesting configuration Domain 1 = coarsest grid, level 1 Domains 2,3 = level 2 Domain 4 = level 3 Domains 2,3 = overlapping grids MM5 OPERATION STAGES (1) Preprocessing