基于土壤水分自动站的鲁中地区土壤水分变化规律研究.docVIP

基于土壤水分自动站的鲁中地区土壤水分变化规律研究 　　摘要 干旱是鲁中地区制约农业生产的主要气象灾害之一，掌握农田土壤水分变化规律，对提高农业干旱防御能力、制定节水灌溉计划、提高水分利用效率具有重要意义。该文利用2010―2013年农田土壤水分自动站逐日资料对不同地形条件、不同时间尺度土壤水分变化规律、降水入渗规律以及日常应用进行分析研究。结果表明：鲁中平原和山区0～50 cm、0～100 cm土壤水分体积含水率不同时间尺度变化规律基本一致，60～100 cm体积含水率波动较小，年最低值出现在6月，最高值出现在8月，年降幅最大出现在3―6月，易发生干旱；0～50 cm土壤体积含水率自春季至秋季逐步上升，秋季为一年中最大，月变化近似符合正态分布，山区变化幅度小于平原；平原旬土壤体积含水率最低值出现在1月中旬，次低值出现在5月下旬，山区最低值出现在6月上旬；0～50 cm土壤体积含水率日增幅随着初始土壤体积含水率增大而减小，随着降水强度增大先增大后减少；土壤水分体积含水率多年平均最低值和最高值分别较凋萎湿度、田间持水量略偏高，能够用于日常阈值监测。掌握土壤水分精细化变化规律，对干旱监测预警及灌溉有指导意义，保障鲁中地区粮食增产增收。 　　关键词 土壤体积含水率；不同时间尺度；变化规律；入渗；鲁中地区 　　中图分类号 S151 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-5739（2016）10-0198-04 　　Analysis on Soil Moisture Variation Regulation of the Middle Areas in Shandong Province Based on Automatic 　　Soil Moisture Observation Station 　　HUAN Hai-Jun 1 LIU Yan 1 YANG Kun 2 XIA Fu-hua 1 　　（1 Zibo Meteorological Bureau of Shandong Province，Zibo Shandong 255048； 2 59 Unit of The Chinese People′s Liberation Army，94900 Troops） 　　Abstract Drought is one of the main meteorological disasters which restricts agricultural production in middle area of Shandong Province，so mastering the variation of farmland soil moisture is important to improve the ability of preventing drought，development of water-saving irrigation planning，increase water use efficiency.The paper analyzed variation of farmland soil moisture， infiltration after precipitation and daily use in different terrain condition and different time scales based on the daily dataset of the farmland automatic soil moisture station from 2010 to 2013. The results showed that the annual variations trend of soil moisture storage from 0 to 50cm depth was consistent with the depth from 0 to 100 cm in the middle area of Shandong Province，whose maximal point appeared in August，minimum point appeared in June，and the largest monthly decrease appeared in April，May and June，so drought was prone to happen in those months. Soil moisture storage from 0 to 50 cm went up from autumn to spring gradually what was maximum