旱地春小麦不同覆膜栽培方式籽粒灌浆特性的比较研究.docVIP

旱地春小麦不同覆膜栽培方式籽粒灌浆特性的比较研究 摘要 在甘肃省干旱半干旱雨养条件下，以西旱1号为材料，在春覆膜和秋覆膜2种不同的覆盖时间下，设置3种不同的地膜覆盖方式，分别对其产量、烘干千粒重和籽粒灌浆特性进行了研究。研究结果表明：覆膜栽培较露地条播对照平均增产55.5%。不同覆膜方式中，膜上覆土增产效果最好、全膜穴播次之、膜侧沟播增产幅度最小，其中秋覆膜膜上覆土产量显著高于所有春覆膜处理；全膜穴播的籽粒烘干千粒重最大而膜上覆土最小，覆膜处理的籽粒烘干千粒重均小于露地条播对照，但秋覆膜高于春覆膜；覆膜处理的籽粒平均灌浆速率、灌浆持续期和最大灌浆持续期与露地条播存在显著差异。 关键词 春小麦；秋覆膜；春覆膜；灌浆速率；旱地 中图分类号 S512.1 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-5739（2016）01-0009-02 Comparison Study on Grain Filling Characteristic of Spring Wheat Under Different Film Mulching Cultivation in Dryland ZHANG Shu-fang 1，2 CHAI Shou-xi 1 LIN Yan-chun 1 CHANG Lei 1 （1 Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop，College of Agronomy，Gansu Agricultural University，Lanzhou Gansu 730070； 2 Meteorological Bureau of Linxia Prefecture） Abstract Under arid and semi-arid rainfed conditions in Gansu Province，Xihan No.1 was chose as experimental materials，3 different film mulching methods were set in the spring and autumn coated cover respectively. Grain yield，drying grain weight and grain filling characteristics were studied. The results showed that mulching cultivation had significant effect on yield of wheat sowed in line and the average yield increased by 55.5%.In the different covering film methods，the film casing yield was the best，followed by the whole film hole sowing，and the furrow sowing on film sides was the least. The grain yield in autumn film mulching was significantly higher than that in spring film mulching. The whole film hole sowing had the most average drying grain weight，and the film casing yield was the least. The average drying grain weight in autumn film mulching was significantly higher than that in spring film mulching. Different covering film mulching methods had different effects on grain filling. Average grain filling rate，grain filling period and the maximum grain filling duration in film mulching were significant different with control（sowing in line in the open）. Key words spring wheat；autumn film；spring film；filling speed；dry land 对小麦的生长及发育产生重要影响的阶段之一即为灌浆时期，覆膜不仅可以增加小