香榧假种皮醇提物抑制植物病原菌活性及乳油制备初步研究.docVIP

香榧假种皮醇提物抑制植物病原菌活性及乳油制备初步研究 　　摘要：以乙醇作为提取剂制备香榧（Torreya grandis Merrilli）假种皮醇提物，并研究醇提物乳油制剂制备工艺。采用生长速率法测定醇提物及其乳油对黄瓜枯萎病菌（Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cucumerinum）、水稻稻瘟病菌（Pyricularia oryzae）、玉米小斑病菌（Bipolaris maydis）、黄瓜霜霉病菌（Pseudoperonospora cubensis）和番茄早疫病菌（Alternaria solani）5种植物源病原菌的抑菌效果。结果表明，香榧假种皮醇提物对番茄早疫病菌、水稻稻瘟病菌等5种植物源病原菌具有较强的抑菌效果，10 mg/mL时对5种病菌的抑制率都在40%以上;筛选出乳油的最佳配方为香榧假种皮醇提物14%、乳化剂（吐温-20）15%、溶剂（乙酸乙酯）71%，乳油对5种病菌的抑制率都在50%以上。可见香榧假种皮醇提物抑菌谱较广，值得进一步研究开发。 　　关键词：香榧（Torreya grandis Merrilli）假种皮;乙醇提取物;乳油制剂;抑菌活性;植物病原菌 　　中图分类号：S482.2 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2015）02-0349-03 　　DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.02.023 　　Antifungal Activities of Ethanol Extracts from Torreya grandis Merrilli Aril and Preparation of Emulsifiable Concentrates 　　LIU Bin-bin，LI Ying，FAN Jia-qi，WANG Guo-fu，SUN Xiao-hong 　　（Yuanpei College，Shaoxing University，Shaoxing 312000，Zhejiang，China） 　　Abstract： The antifungal activities of ethanol extracts from Torreya grandis Merrilli aril and its emulsifiable concentrates to Alternaria solani， Pyricularia oryzae， Bipolaris maydis，Pseudoperonospora cubensis，Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum were tested in vitro. The preparation of emulsifiable solution was studied. The results showed that ethanol extracts from Torreya grandis Merrilli aril had strong inhibitory effects on five phytopathogens， with the inhibiting rate of more than 40% at the concentration of 10 mg/mL. The optimal emulsifiable concentrates were ethanol extracts from Torreya grandis Merrilli aril 14%， solvent（ethyl acetate） 71%， emulsifying agent （Tween-20）15%. The inhibitive rates of emulsifiable concentrates to five fungi were more than 50%. The ethanol extracts from Torreya grandis Merrilli aril had antifungal activities and were needed to be studied further. 　　Key words： Torreya grandis Merrilli aril; alcohol extract; emulsifiable concentrates; antifungal activity; phytopathogens 　　香榧（Torreya grandis Merrilli）为红豆杉科（紫杉科，Taxaceae）榧属（Torreya）常绿乔木，系裸子植物，是第三纪孑遗植物，又称细榧、木皮子、羊角榧等，为稀有坚