嫁接对苦瓜品质的影响.docVIP

嫁接对苦瓜品质的影响 摘要：采用劈接法，以3个不同品种丝瓜作为砧木对蓝山苦瓜进行嫁接处理，以蓝山苦瓜实生植株作为对照，研究不同品种丝瓜砧木嫁接对蓝山苦瓜商品瓜内外品质的影响。结果表明，嫁接处理提高了蓝山苦瓜商品瓜的维生素C含量，分别比对照提高了25.2%～115.5%；但降低了可溶性糖和皂苷的含量，增加了蓝山苦瓜苦味，提高了外观品质，尤其是单瓜重和果实直径显著增加，同时显著降低了畸形瓜比例；而对蓝山苦瓜商品瓜的蛋白质含量和水分含量及果实长度没有显著的影响。其中以营口肉丝瓜做砧木嫁接的蓝山苦瓜植株表现最佳，说明通过不同的砧木嫁接能够改变苦瓜的果实内外品质，可以为生产上苦瓜嫁接砧木的选育提供参考。 关键词：苦瓜；丝瓜；砧木；嫁接；品质 中图分类号：S642.5；S642.4；S616 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2013）04-0831-04 Effects of Grafting on Quality of Momordica charantia HUANG Xing-xue1，WANG Bin-cai1，ZHOU Guo-lin1，ZHU Jin2，WANG Ai-hua1，DENG Yao-hua1 （1.Wuhan Institute of Vegetable Science， Wuhan 430065， China； 2.College of Horticulture and Garden， Yangtze University， Jingzhou 434025，Hubei，China） Abstract： Using cleft grafting method， 3 different cultivars of Luffa cylindrica （L.） Roem. were used as rootstock for grafting Momordica charantia L. cv. Lanshan taking M. charantia L. cv. Lanshan raw plants as control to study the impact of different cultivars of L. cylindrica rootstocks on internal and external quality of commodity melon of M. charantia cv. Lanshan. The results showed that grafting treatment increased the vitamin C content in commodity melon of M. charantia cv. Lanshan by 25.2% to 115.5% compared with control； soluble sugar content and saponin content was decreased and bitter taste was increased； the appearance quality， especially fruit weight and fruit diameter was increased significantly， while the proportion of deformity melon was significantly reduced； the protein and moisture content， and fruit length of M. charantia cv. Lanshan commodity melon was not significantly affected. The plant behaved the best when using L. cylindrica cv. Yingkou Fleshy as the rootstock， showing that the internal and external quality of commodity melon of M. charantia could be improved by grafting， which provided a reference for the breeding of rootstocks in production of M. charantia. Key words： Momordica charantia L.； Luffa cylindrica （L.） Roem.； rootstock； grafting； quality 苦瓜（Momordica charantia L.）富含维生素A、维生