Nuclear bomb 原子弹 英文介绍 ppt.pptVIP

Nuclear bomb What is nuclear bomb? A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from nuclear reactions, either fission（裂变）or a combination of fission and fusion（聚变）. Both reactions release large quantities of energy from relatively small amounts of matter. The first fission (atomic) bomb test released the same amount of energy as about 20,000 tons of TNT（三硝基甲苯 ）. The first thermonuclear（高热原子核反应的） (hydrogen) bomb test released the same amount of energy as about 10,000,000 tons of TNT. How does it occur? Countries known to have detonated nuclear weapons—and that acknowledge possessing such weapons—are (chronologically 按照时间顺序) the United States, the Soviet Union (succeeded as a nuclear power by Russia), the United Kingdom, France, the Peoples Republic of China, India, Pakistan, and North Korea. Little boy Fat man What are the safety rules if it does occur? Because of the immense military power they can confer, the political control of nuclear weapons has been a key problem for as long as they have existed,in most countries the use of nuclear force can only be authorized（许可） by the head of government or head of state. In 1957, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) was established under the authorize of the United Nations to encourage development of peaceful applications for nuclear technology, provide international safeguards against its misuse（滥用）, and facilitate the application of safety measures in its use. In 1996, many nations signed the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty（全面禁止核试验条约）, which bans all testing of nuclear weapons. A testing ban imposes a large hindrance（阻碍） to nuclear arms development by any agreeing country. The Treaty requires the ratification（批准） by 44 specific states before it can go into force（生效）. * nuclear The Little Boy atomic bomb was detonated over the Japanese city of Hiroshima on 6 August 1945. Exploding with a yield equivalent to 12,500 tonnes of TNT, the explosion and thermal wave（热波） of the bomb destroye