中考应对策略之突破选词填空.docVIP

中考应对策略之突破选词填空 摘 要：选词填空这一种考题的特点是综合能力强、难度大。因此，学生在此题失分比例较高，尤其对于农村初中学生来说，简直无从下手。那么，怎样解决这一难题呢？ 关键词：阅读；策略；选词、 “选词填空”题是近几年来河南省中招考试新增加的一项内容，也就是说，对孩子们的阅读能力又是一种新的挑战，笔者根据近几年的教学经验，为孩子们总结了这类题的应对策略，下面就简单地谈一下我的见解。 一、纵览全文，把握大意 大部分学生拿到一篇文章后，最容易犯的错误就是急于求成，对此，在平时的教学中，我经常反复强调，让孩子们按以下的程序来做：拿到文章应该首先通读一遍，通过这一遍的阅读，就可以掌握好多信息，这些都是为了要做到胸有成竹。 二、“左顾右盼”，提取有效信息 什么是左顾右盼？就是对于要填的空，大家不应该只注意到这个空，而应该时刻注意这个空的左边或是右边的句子，因为这个空的有用信息往往隐藏在它的左邻右舍。在焦作市2011-2012学年（上）期末调研测试试卷中，词语运用有这样一篇文章： Dreaming High School is home to three very special young people：Kathy，Fred and Jimmy.These three students all volunteer 1 time to help other people.This volunteer work 2 each of them several hours a week.Kathy loves to read， 3 she puts this love to good use by working in the after-school care center at her local elementary school.Here，she helps young 4 to read.Fred loves animals and plans to study to be a veterinarian 5 he leaves school.He spends every Saturday morning 6 in an animal hospital.Jimmy wants to be a professional singer.He sings for groups of people at the city hospital to cheer them up.”Volunteering is great！”Says Kathy.“Not only do I feel good about helping other people，but I get to 7 time doing what I love to do.”Fred says he has learned 8 about animals than before.Jimmy says he has met some 9 people at the hospital.The three students plan to set up a student volunteer project 10 their school.“Don’t put it off.”Says Kathy. “Become a volunteer today！” 文中所给的词是以下12个：but，child，much，when，spend，wonderful， they，and，work，at， on，take.要想正确填出文中的第一个空，必须注意这个空左边的关键词these three students这三个学生，句子的谓语是volunteer，既然主语是三个学生，当然就是他们的时间了，所给的词里有they这个词，因此，需要根据题目要求用它的正确形式their了。 三、“瞻前顾后”，整体理解 要做好选词填空，学生们要掌握的另一个阅读技巧就是瞻前顾后，千万不要就空论空，否则，就会使自己深陷“不识庐山真面目，只缘身在此山中”的困境。在近年来的很多试题中都体现了这种阅读方法，比如下面一篇文章：Henry Bond was about ten years old when his father died. His mother found it difficult to support a large family.However，she succeeded in 1 Henry， the oldest，to school. Henry wanted 2 but his mother could not provide him with the money to buy it.He was s