离子液体萃取过程及新型离子液体制备技术可研报告.docxVIP

《分离工程》课程论文 PAGE \* MERGEFORMATIII 摘要 当今社会愈来愈强调可持续发展，绿色化学的观念深入人心，不断引导化学学科发生深刻变革。分离科学，无论对于分析化学还是化学工业都占有非常重要的地位。然而，分离领域每年都要消耗大量挥发性有机溶剂对环境造成危害。基于绿色化学的指导思想，为改变这一现状，离子液体作为一种新型的绿色的分离介质被引入分离科学当中。一方面，离子液体是一类完全由离子构成的且熔点低于 100℃的盐。由于它具有不挥发，热稳定的特点，被誉为“绿色的溶剂”以代替传统的分子型有机溶剂。另一方面，离子液体具有可设计性，可以通过改变其化学结构获得一些具有特殊性质的功能化离子液体，以满足特定用途的需求。随着新型离子液体的不断开发研究，离子液体在努力领域中的应用也越来越广泛，本文介绍了离子液体在萃取中的应用，及几种新型离子液体的制备。  Abstract Nowday, more and more people focused on the sustainable development. The fashion of green chemistry is changing the face of the chemistry. Separation science plays a very important role in the field of analytical chemistry and chemical industry. However, many separation processes are harmful to environment because of the huge consume of volatile organic solvent. With the idea of green chemistry, we want to change this by applying ionic liquids as a novel green separation medium in separation science. Ionic liquid is a class of salt that has a melting point lower than 100℃. Owing to their nonvolatility and thermal stability, ionic liquids are known as greener alternative to traditional organic solvents. Moreover, ionic liquids are tunable. By designing their chemical structure, we can obtain “task special ionic liquids” to achieve target application.  PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT1 目录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc436129292 摘要 PAGEREF _Toc436129292 \h I HYPERLINK \l _Toc436129293 Abstract PAGEREF _Toc436129293 \h II HYPERLINK \l _Toc436129294 1前言 PAGEREF _Toc436129294 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc436129295 2离子液体在萃取分离过程中应用的研究 PAGEREF _Toc436129295 \h 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc436129296 2.1 离子液体萃取分离有机物 PAGEREF _Toc436129296 \h 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc436129297 2.2 用离子液体从水中萃取金属离子 PAGEREF _Toc436129297 \h 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc436129298 2.3 离子液体对生物分子的萃取分离 PAGEREF _Toc436129298 \h 4 HYPERLINK \l _Toc436129299 3 新型离子液体的制备 PAGEREF _Toc436129299 \h 6 HYPERLINK \l _Toc436129300 3.1 离子液体的种类 PAGEREF _Toc436129300 \h 6 HYPERLINK \l _Toc436129301 3.2离子液体的制备方法 PAGEREF _Toc436129301 \