ADRENALGLANDS.ppt

ADRENAL GLANDS Adrenal Cortex Adrenal Medulla ADRENAL CORTEX Salt Sugar Sex SALT Mineralocorticoids F E balance Aldosterone renin from kidneys controls adrenal cortex production of aldosterone Na retention Water retention K excretion Question: If your Na level is low, will aldosterone secretion or If your serum K+ level is high, will aldosterone secretion or SUGAR GLUCOCORTICOIDS regulate metabolism are critical in stress response CORTISOL responsible for control and metabolism of: a. CHO carbohydrates amt. glucose formed amt. glucose released CORTISOL b. FATS-control of fat metabolism stimulates fatty acid mobilization from adipose tissue c. PROTEINS-control of protein metabolism stimulates protein synthesis in liver protein breakdown in tissues SUGAR Other fxs of Cortisol inflammatory and allergic response immune system therefore prone to infection SEX ANDROGENS hormones which male characteristics release of testosterone Seen more in women than men RELEASE OF GLUCOCORTICOIDS IS CONTROLLED BY ______ LET’S LOOK AT ACTH adrenocorticotropic Hormone Produced in anterior pituitary gland ACTH Circulating levels of cortisol levels cause stimulation of ACTH levels cause dec. release of ACTH think tank: What type of feedback mechanism is this?? AFFECTED BY: Individual biorhythms ACTH LEVELS ARE HIGHEST 2 HOURS BEFORE AND JUST AFTER AWAKENING. usually 5AM - 7AM these gradually decrease rest of day Stress- cortisol production and secretion ADRENAL MEDULLA Fight or flight What is released by the adrenal medulla? CATECHOLAMINE RELEASE Epinephrine Norepinephrine HYPER AND HYPOFUNCTION ADRENAL CORTEX HORMONES Too much Too little I. CUSHING’S DISEASE TOO MUCH CORTISOL! secretion of cortisol from adrenal cortex 4X more frequent in females Usually occurs at 35-50 years of age ETIOLOGYCushing’s Primary-tumor on the adrenal cortex Secondary-tumor on the anterior pituitary gland Ectopic ACTH secreting tumor lung, pancreas Iatrogenic-Steroid a