克鲁格曼《国际济学》讲义CH07.pptVIP

Chapter 7 International Factor Movements Chapter Organization Introduction International Labor Mobility International Borrowing and Lending Direct Foreign Investment and Multinational Firms Summary Appendix: More on Intertemporal Trade Introduction Movement of goods and services is one form of international integration. Another form of integration is international movements of factors of production factor movements . Factor movements include: Labor migration Transfer of capital via international borrowing and lending International linkages involved in the formation of multinational corporations International Labor Mobility A One-Good Model Without Factor Mobility Assumptions of the model: There are two countries Home and Foreign . There are two factors of production: Land T and Labor L . Both countries produce only one good refer to it as “output” . Both countries have the same technology but different overall land-labor ratios. Home is the labor-abundant country and Foreign is the land-abundant country. Perfect competition prevails in all markets. International Labor Mobility International Labor Movement Suppose that workers are able to move between the two countries. Home workers would like to move to Foreign until the marginal product of labor is the same in the two countries. This movement will reduce the Home labor force and thus raise the real wage in Home. This movement will increase the Foreign labor force and reduce the real wage in Foreign. The redistribution of the world’s labor force: Leads to a convergence of real wage rates Increases the world’s output as a whole Leaves some groups worse off Extending the Analysis Modifying the model by adding some complications: Suppose the countries produce two goods, one labor- intensive and one land-intensive. Trade offers an alternative to factor mobility: Home can export labor and import land by exporting the labor-intensive good and importing the land-intensive good. Intertemporal Production Possibili