被动语态(学生版).doc

被动语态 动词的语态反映主语与谓语动词之间的一种关系。动词的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。当句子的主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的执行者时，谓语动词用主动语态；当句子的主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者时，谓语动词用被动语态。在主动语态中，句子通过谓语动词的不同形式体现出不同的时态形式；被动语态由“助动词be ＋ 过去分词”构成，不同的时态通过 be 的不同形式体现。其被动语态构成方法与普通的及物动词的被动语态的构成方法相同。? 常用被动语态 构成(以ask为例) ? 常用被动语态 构成 1 一般现在时 am/is/are asked 6 过去进行时 was/were being asked 2 一般过去时 was/were asked 7 现在完成时 have/has been asked 3 一般将来时 shall/will be asked 8 过去完成时 had been asked 4 过去将来时 would be asked 9 将来完成时 will/would have been asked 5 现在进行时 am/is/are being asked 10 含有情态动词的被动语态 can/must/may be asked 注意事项 不用被动语态的情况 　不及物动词及短语没有被动语态，如：happen, take place, last, break out, come about, come out等。如：The book came out last year. The meeting lasted about 4 hours without reaching any agreement. 　系动词look, sound, feel, smell, taste, appear, seem, go, prove, turn, stay, become, fall, get, grow, keep等都没有被动语态。如：The food tastes good.The cloth feels soft. His plan proved (to be) practical. It has gone bad. 　表示主语的某种属性特征的动词不需用被动语态。如read, write, act, cut, draw, drive, sell, wash, open, lock, shut, dry, start。这类动词一般不单独使用，常用一个修饰语。如：　The book sells well. 　这本书很畅销。　My pen wont write. 　我的笔写不出字来。　This coat dries easily. 　这种外衣容易干。　The door wont lock. 　这门锁不上。　　 1． The church tower which________will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished. A．has restored B．has been restored C．is restoring D．is being restored 2． John was given the same suitcase his father and grandfather________ with them to school. A．took B．had taken C．were taking D．would take 3． Excuse me, Marcia, a reporter from Vanity Fair________all day. Could you speak to her now? A．phones B．has phoned C．has been phoning D．phoned 4． My parents ______in Hong Kong. They were born there and have never lived anywhere else. A．live B．lived C．were living D．will live 5． —Ann is in hospital. —Oh, really? I ________know. I ________go and visit her. A．didnt; am going to B．dont; wouldC．dont; will D．didnt; will 6．During th