8第五章等剂量分布与射线束调整.ppt

Chapter5 Isodose Distribution and Beam Modification 等剂量分布和射线束修整 Section1 Isodose Curves 等剂量曲线 Introduction The central axis depth dose distribution by itself is not sufficient to characterize a radiation beam which produces a dose distribution in a three-dimensional volume. In order to represent volumetric or planar variation in absorbed dose, distribution are depicted by means of isodose curves, which are lines passing through points of equal dose. Introduction The curves are usually drawn at regular intervals of absorbed dose and expressed as a percentage of the dose at a reference point. Thus the isodose curves represent levels of absorbed dose in the same manner that isotherms are used for heat and isobars, for pressure. The main contents Isodose chart Properties of Isodose chart Measurement of isodose curves Parameters of isodose curves 1. Iosdose Charts An isodose chart for a given beam consists of a family of isodose curves ususlly drawn at equal increments of present depth dose, representing the variation in dose as a function of depth and transverse distance from the central axis. The depth dose values of the curves are normalized either at the point of maximum dose on the central axis or at a fixed distance along the central axis in the irradiated medium. 1.Iosdose Charts The charts in the first category are applicable when the patient is treated at a constant SSD irrespective of beam direction. In the second category, the isodose curves are normalized at a certain depth beyond dm, corresponding to the axis rotation of an isocentric therapy unit. This type of representation is especially useful in rotation therapy but can also be used for stationary isocentric treatments. 1.Isodose chart Examination of isodose charts reveals some general properties of x- and γ-ray dose distributions. 2. The general properties The dose at any depth is greatest on the central axis of the beam and gradually decreases toward the edges of the beam. Near the edge