Experiment 13 Determination of Enthalpy Changes Associated with.pptVIP

Determination of Enthalpy Changes Associated with a Reaction Hess’s Law Jae Lee Period 2 Experiment 13 Background Information Thermochemistry – study of heat chances transfers associated with chemical reactions Hess’s law states that at constant pressure, the enthalpy change for a process is not dependent on the reaction pathway, but is dependent only upon the initial and final states of the system. ΔH is used to write the change in heat Equations you should know and will use.. NaOH aq + HCl aq ? NaCl aq + H2O l NH4Cl aq +NaOH aq ? NH3 aq +NaCl aq +H2O l NH3 aq + HCl aq ? NH4Cl aq Purpose of Lab To determine the enthalpy change that occurs when a strong base, NaOH Sodium Hydroxide , reacts with a strong acid, HCL Hydrochloric acid Materials A calibrated temperature probe Thermometer Calorimeter Water 2.00 M HCl 2.00 M NaOH 2.00 M NH4CL 2.00 M NH3 More materials Styrofoam cover Polystyrene cups 400 ml beaker Glass Stirring Rod Procedure Place 50.0 mL of room temp. distilled water in calorimeter Use calibrated temperature probe to determine/ record temperature Add 50.0 mL of warm distilled water to calorimeter Record temperature every 30 seconds for 3 min. Clean beaker for next experiment Measure temp chance water 50.0 ml of 2.00 M HCl is added to 50.0 ml of 2.00 M NaOH Record temperature change every 30 sec. for 3 min. Repeat step 7 but with 2.00 M NH4Cl with 2.00 M NaOH Repeat step 7 but with 2.00 M NH3 with 2.00 M HCl A graph of the heat capacity of the calorimeter. Extrapolating the regression line to the Y axis 0 seconds gives a temperature of 41.4 °C at the moment the room temperature and warm water were mixed Average temperature of room temperature and warm water: 23.0 °C + 61.0 °C 42.0 °C 2 Ccalorimeter qcalorimeter Tmix – Tinitial qcalorimeter -qwater Qwater mass water * specific heat * Tmix – Tavg At 23.0°C: 50.0 mL H2O x 0.983 g*mL-1 1 49.9 g H2O At 61.0°C: 50.0 mL H2O x 0.983 g*mL-1 1 49.1 g H2O Total mass 49.9 g + 4