高三一轮复习定语从句总结.ppt

高三一轮复习定语从句总结

定语的位置 I like the green team. I like the team in green. I like the team who were wearing green. 这是我的杯子 This is my cup. 这是装满水的杯子。 This is the cup full of tea. 这是我喝茶用的杯子。 This is the cup which I drink tea with. 定语从句的定义 定语从句,也称关系从句和形容词性从句,由关系代词或关系副词引导,用来限制,描绘或说明主句中的某一个名词或代词(有时也可以说明整个句子或主句中的一部分),即句子作定语。 The girl who is standing there is Mary. 先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。 关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 1.连接作用:引导从句并同时连接主句. 2.指代作用:在从句中指代它前面的先行词. 3.成分作用:在从句中充当成分.如:主语 who,that,which ;宾语 who, whom,which,that ; 表语 that,as ;定语 whose,…of whom/which ;时间状语 when ,地点状语 where 和原因状语 why . 说明:关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略,其他成分一般不可省略. 判断是定语从句的三要素 1. 看是否有先行词。 2 看是否有关系词。 3 看是否关系词在定语从句中做成分。 This is the cup which I drink tea with. October 1,1949 was the day when the Peoples Republic of China was founded. This is the place where my mother was born. I dont know the reason why she looks unhappy today 引导定语从句的关系代词 在定语从句中用什么关系词的方法 1.看先行词是什么. 2.看关系词在定语从句中做什么成分. 主语 who,that,which ;宾语 who, whom,which,that ; 表语 that,as ;定语 whose,…of whom/which ;时间状语 when ,地点状语 where 和原因状语 why . 10.被修饰词为数词时。 Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water. Now you can see the two that are still alive. 先行词指物时定语从句中关系代词宜用that,不宜用which的情况: 定语从句中先行词指物宜用that,不宜用which的情况. 1.先行词是最高级形容词或它的前面有最高级形容词时. 2.先行词是序数词,或它前面有一个序数词时. 3.先行词既有人又有物时 4.先行词是all, much, little,something,everything, anything, nothing, none,the one等代词时 5.先行词any, few,little,no, all, one of,the same, the very, the only, just the等词修饰时 6.如有主句含两个定语从句,其中一个关系代词已用which,另一个关系代词则宜用that,以避免语言的单调或重复。 7.主句已有疑问词which时 8.主句是There be结构,修饰其主语的定语从句宜用that指代物。 9.被修饰词为数词时。 先行词指物时定语从句中关系代词宜用which而不宜用that的情况。 1.关系代词前有介词时,只用which,且关系代词一律不能省略。 2.在非限定性定语从句中,只用which,不用that。 3.当关系代词指代前面整个句子时。 关系代词与介词 1. 当介词放在关系代词前时,介词宾语只能用which代物,whom代人。且关系代词一律不能省略。 固定短语中的介词不可提前 例如:I want to find the pen with which I wrote that letter. 2.介词在末尾时,可用that/which(代物),that/whom/who(代人)做介词的宾语,且这个介词宾语的关系代词往往省略。 例如:The man whom/who/that/可省 he wants to see is in Shanghai. 关系代词as引导限制性定语从句 She wears the sa

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