英语高考名词性句+20年高考题复习(done).docVIP

2008高考名词性从句 名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。 （一）引导名词性从句的连接词 1、连接代词：who, whose, whom, what, which。有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。 2、连接副词：when, where, why, how。有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。 3、连接词：that, whether, if, as if。that 无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；if (whether), as if虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。 （二）主语从句 1、主语从句在复合句作主语。 e.g. Who will go is not important. 2、用it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。 e.g. It doesn’t matter so much whether you will come or not. 3、that引导主语从句时，不能省略。 e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised. 注意：that从句作主语和宾语时，可以用it?来替换成以下几种结构表达。?(A)It?is?clear/certain/likely/true/surprising?that…? (B)It?is?a?pity/shame/good?idea/no?wonder?that?... (C)It?is?said/reported/?believed/known/thought/suggested?that?… （D）It?seems/happens?that。如：?It?happened?that?I?went?out?last?night.?It?is?said?that?China?will?win?in?the?World?Cup.?（三）表语从句 1、表语从句在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后。 e.g. The question was who could go there. （四）宾语从句 1、宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。引导宾语从句的连词that一般可省略。 e.g. I hope (that) everything is all right. 2宾语从句中的连接词that有时可省有时又不可省，在以下几种情况中that不能省略：（A）当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时，that不可省略；（B）当that?从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，that不能省；（C）当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。如：?He?judged?that, because?he?was?a?child,?he?did?not?understand?wine?Everyone?knew?what?happened?and?that?she?was?worried.?The?reason?lies?in?that?she?works?harder?than?the?others?do.? 3、whether和if的用法。?whether和if在宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时连接词一般用whether。如：?It?all?depends?on?whether?they?will?come?back.?后面直接跟or?not?时用whether。如：?I?didn’t?know?whether?or?not?he?had?arrived?in?Wuhan.?主语从句表语从句同位语从句中只能用whether。如：?Whether?the?meeting?will?be?put?off?has?not?been?decided?yet.?The?question?is?whether?they?have?so?much?money.?We?ought?to?discuss?carefully?the?question?whether?we?can?do?it?or?not.?whether常与or连用表示一种选择，if不能这样用The?question?of?whether?they?are?male?or?female?is?not?important.?5）whether也可与动词不定式连用但if不能。如：?I?have?not?decided?whether?to?go?or?not.?6）宾语从句提前时用whether不用if。如：?Thank?you,?but?whether?I’ll?be?free?I’m?not?sure?