生态工程领域微物菌剂研究进展.docVIP

生态工程领域微生物菌剂研究进展 摘要: 阐述了微生物菌剂在生态工程领域的应用范围、效果和国内外的研究状况，总结了目前微生物菌剂研制中菌种的选育方法和常用的几类菌，并通过系统举例介绍了乳酸菌、酵母菌、光合细菌、芽孢杆菌这些常用菌种在污染物处理方面的效果及在废水处理生态工程方面的相关研究进展。同时，阐明了微生物混合培养技术在复合菌剂研究中的重要性，对微生物菌剂的作用机理进行了探讨，指出了目前关于微生物菌剂的研究大多只是集中于应用效果方面，而对作用机理研究得不够深入，以及复合菌系中微生物相互作用和影响的复杂性，并对此提出了一些建议。最后，对微生物菌剂的应用前景进行了展望。 关键词: 微生物菌剂; 混合培养; 乳酸菌; 酵母菌; 光合细菌; 芽孢杆菌 Research progress of microbial agents in ecological engineering Abstract: Microbial agents especially those composed by a variety of microorganisms with different degradation functions and symbiotic relationship in an appropriate ratio or prepared by mixed culture were an important researching area in applied microbiology recently，which accomplish transforming scientific theories into practical productive forces． Microbial agents have been gradually used in some aspects of ecological engineering to regulate the ecological balance and protect the environment，such as planting， breeding and pollutant treatment， and have achieved good results， especially in environmental protection． Their significant advantages have been widely recognized． Using microorganisms to solve environmental pollution has a good prospect，that is why more and more people are committed to the research and development of microbial agents． Since 1970，some products of complex microbial agents were developed in Europe， America and Japan，and were started large scale productions． The microbial agents were firstly applied to treating sewage， industrial wastewater，and other chemical pollutions． In this paper，the applying scope，effects and mechanism of microbial agents in the field of ecological engineering were summarized，from international and domestic literatures． The strains breeding methods and several types of bacteria commonly used in the development of microbial agents are summed up． And the effects of wastewater treating projects of through applying lactic acid bacteria，yeast，photosynthetic bacteria，bacillus were introduced through some examples． Meanwhile，mixed microbial cul