受刑人在监适应之研究 纵贯型研究.docVIP

受刑人在監適應之研究: 縱貫型研究 任全鈞* 壹、緒論 貳、文獻探討 參、研究方法與過程 肆、研究結果分析 伍、結論與建議 摘要 本研究對研究採用縱貫型設計，追縱期間長達一年，分三次進行施測為93年7月、93年12月與94年7月，最後一次施測有效樣本為436名。 本研究結果發現：受刑人的困擾問題方面，經過三次的評估，基本上前三名並無多大的變化，分別是思念家人、希望時間過的快一點及多一點私人空間，這些問題的存在皆因監獄本身強制性環境使然。而名次變化上較明顯之處分別是: 希望換別的作業與想念外面生活，會有這樣的變化，因重心轉移至獄中環境所致。 受刑人服刑期間的變化上，受刑人的監禁壓力三次的差異皆達統計上的顯著水準；第一次與第二次的差異，是監禁壓力減低。但第二次與第三次的差異則是上升。。在內外控取向上，呈現平均數逐漸上升的情形。監獄化部分，可以發現監獄化分數逐漸下降；同時我們可以發現受刑人的規範與態度也有明顯的改善。在受刑人的因應策略上似是穩定中有變化的。情緒問題上，在入監之初普遍存在著情緒困擾，隨著時間的流逝逐漸緩和。 【關鍵字】：監獄化、受刑人在監適應 *任全鈞: 中正大學犯罪防治系(所)博士，宜蘭少年觀護所導師。 The inmate’s adjustment in Taiwan: a longitudinal design Chuan-Chun Jen Abstract To understand the process of adjustment in prison, I adopt a longitudinal design to look at the prediction of future behavior base on current behavior. The measurements were collected at three different waves with each subject over a period of 12 months. The results found: the first three ranking responses, “Missing somebody, Wishing time would go faster and Had more privacy and quiet”, did not change in inmates’ view of problems of prison throughout the survey. Subject’s changes occurred due to the impact of imprisonment during their first year. The results showed that the incarcerated stressor had dropped significantly from the 1st wave to the 2nd wave, but the scale had increased significantly from 2nd to 3rd. We also have looked at the inmates’ internal control which continued to improve gradually. Prisonization decreased from 1st to 2nd survey. After 2nd wave survey, the score was stable. But criminal attitudes and beliefs also improved between 2nd and 3rd survey. In their coping strategy, this did not appear to have been the case. Finally inmates’ emotion problem, we can see at the beginning of their terms, many subjects showed signs of emotional problems. However, after 12 months there was visible but gradual improvement. Key Word: inmate’s adjustment, prisonization 壹、緒論 監獄存在的目除隔離、懲罰外，最主要的目的於監獄行刑法第一條所示：「徒刑拘役之執行，以使受刑人改悔向上，適於社會生活為目的」。但由於矯正機構特殊環境，監禁效果使受刑人產生痛苦，這種痛苦持續