烷基蔡磺酸盐的成及其在三次采油中的应用.docVIP

烷基蔡磺酸盐的合成及其在三次采油中的应用 计:学位论文一72.页 表格22表 插图70幅 评阅人 苗蔚茉王桂攀 落 指导教师 丛盗应乡装 教研室主任 系主任 2001】年6月 摘要 本文以A1C13为催化剂合成了系列烷基蔡磺酸盐的异构体 纯的表面活性剂，以液相色谱和两相滴定法测定了产物的纯度， 并用气相色谱、质谱、核磁共振谱等对产物和其中间体进行了 结构表征。采用Model-500型旋转滴超低界面张力仪测定了表 面活性剂/碱体系的油水界面张力，讨论了表面活性剂浓度、碱 度及表面活性剂结构对油水界面张力的影响。另外，考虑到环 境友好及工业化的问题，本文筛选了HY型和H13型分子筛作 为催化剂进行蔡的烷基化反应，初步认为HY型分子筛活性较 高。 Abstract A series of alkylnaphthalenes were prepared by alkylation with aluminium chloride as catalyst and their sulfonates by sulfonation. These products and intermediates were identified through MS， NMR and HPLC. Interfacial tensions of surfactants/alkali and crude oil were determined by Model一500 spinning drop tensiometer. The effects of concetrations and structures of surfactants and alkality on interfacial tensions were discussed. HY and H } zeolites were choosed as catalysts for the alkylation of naphthelene, considering friendly environment and industrialization HY was confirmed to have higher activity. 夕 目 录 第一章 第二章 前言·… 文献综述 表面活性剂在三次采油中的应用 1三次采油及化学驱油体系简介 ..................…… 表面活性剂的微观驱油机理“·“·… 表面活性剂的筛选及常用表面活性剂 ..……O…… 2 .1 .3 …‘...……，.4 2.2烷基蔡磺酸盐的合成····“··““·“··”“·”·“···”·“·7 2.2.1蔡的烷基化························“·······”·····……7 2.2.1.1烷化剂和催化剂简介····“·“·，.·”·“····””·一7 2.2.1.2以分子筛为催化剂烷基化“·“··““·“·”·“··““·7 2.2.2烷基蔡的磺化·.. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 15 第三章总论“. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 17 3.1系列烷基蔡磺酸盐的合成及提纯“. ... ... ... ... ... ... 17 3.1.1蔡的烷基化反应·. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 18 3.1.1.1以A1C13为催化剂合成烷基蔡”·”···“···“一18 3.1.1.2以分子筛为为催化剂合成烷基蔡... ... ... ... ... .. 3 4 3.1.2磺化反应“. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 3 8 3.1.2.1浓硫酸磺化·. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 3 8 3.1.2.2发烟硫酸磺化·.. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. 3 9 3.1.3表面活性剂的分离及提纯“. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 41 3.1.3.1已基、辛基烷基蔡磺酸盐的提纯·. ... ...