中小学英语语法辅导大全.docVIP

英语语法辅导大全 名词性从句之表语从句专项语法讲义 一、概念： 表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句。 放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句” 可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等 The trouble is that we are short of money. That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields. At that time, it seemed as if I couldnt think of the right word anyhow. 二、引导表语从句的词： 从属连词that、whether、as though、 as if because 连接代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等； 连接副词when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever等。 1、由从属连词that，whether引导的表语从句。 that在引导表语从句时无词义，而whether有词义，意为、“是否”。这时主句的主语常常是些抽象名词，如question(问题)，trouble(麻烦)，problem(问题)，result(结果)，chance(可能性)，suggestion(建议)，idea(想法)，reason(理由)等。表语从句对主句主语进行说明、解释，使主语的内容具体化。 例如： The trouble is (that) she has lost his money. The question is whether we need more ice cream. The problem was that it was too valuable for everyday use. What she couldn’t understand was that fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. 2、由关系代词引导的表语从句。 关系代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等引导表语从句，在句中作主语、宾语、表语，关系代词不能省略。 例如 The question is which of us should go. The problem was who could do the work. Thats what we should do. 3、由关系副词引导的表语从句。 关系副词 when, where, how, why 除在句子起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间，地点，方式或原因状语，本身具有词义。 例如： Go and get your coat. Its where you left it. I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. That’s why I got wet through. That is how mice ruin many stores of grain every year. That is what he is worried about. 4、由连词because，as if/as though等引导的表语从句。 It looked as if it was going to snow. Thats because we never thought of it. It seems as if he didn’t know the answer. 注意 A. 表语从句一定要用陈述语序。 False: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel. 　Right: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel. B. 不可以用if，而用whether 连接表语从句(as if 例外）。 　　False: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us. 　　Right: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us. 　　Right: It looked as if he had understood this question. C.不像宾语