水稻突变体对除草剂苯达松敏感致死的机理教程范本.doc

水稻突变体对除草剂苯达松敏感致死的机理研究 向太和1,杨剑波2,黄大年3 (1杭州师范学院生命科学学院,杭州310036;　2安徽省农业科学院,合肥230031;　3中国水稻研究所,杭州310006) 摘　要　水稻苯达松敏感致死突变体在杂交水稻生产中具有广阔的应用前景。分析了两个水稻突变体农林8m和8077S对除草剂苯达松敏感致死的生理和遗传规律,综述了其对苯达松敏感致死的分子机理。普通水稻品种具有对苯达松抗性是由于苯达松在普通水稻品种细胞中被羟基化,并最终被代谢为对植物无毒性的6-OH-葡萄糖苷苯达松和8-OH-葡萄糖苷苯达松。普通水稻品种具有的苯达松抗性基因可能是编码与苯达松羟基化相关的某种P450酶,或者编码某种参于解毒的受体蛋白,而苯达松本身对P450酶和受体蛋白有诱导和激活作用;此外,苯达松抗性基因也可能是一种催化羟基化苯达松与葡萄糖缀合、同淀粉合成酶相似的缀合酶基因,而水稻苯达松敏感致死突变体表现出对苯达松敏感致死是由于γ-射线导致上述与苯达松解毒相关的酶活性丧失所致。 关键词　水稻,突变体,苯达松,敏感致死,机理 中图分类号:TQ457.2　　文献标识码:A　　文章编号:1006-0413(2004)05-217-04 Mechanism of Susceptibility in a Rice Mutation Conferring Lethal Susceptibility to the Herbicide Bentazon XIANG Tai-He1,YANG Jian-Bo2,HUANG Da-Nian3 (1School of Life Sciences,Hangzhou Normal College,Hangzhou 310036,China;　2Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hefei 230031,China;　3China National Rice Research Institute,Hangzhou 310006,China) Abstract:A mutation conferring lethal bentazon susceptibility has good potential prospects in hybrid rice breeding.In this research,the physiology and inheritance of two mutants,Norin 8m and 8077S,were studied,and the molecular mechanism of selectivity of the mutants is discussed.In normal rice plants,bentazon resistance is due to bentazon hydroxylation in the plant cells,followed by metabolism to nonphytotoxic glucose conjugates of 6-OH-bentazon and 8-OH-bentazon.The bentazon resistance gene in normal rice possibly codes for a P450 enzyme that hydroxylates the her-bicide or for a resistance receptor protein.Alternatively,bentazon itself may be inducing or activating the P450 en-zyme.Another possibility is that the bentazon resistance gene codes for a starch synthase-like enzyme that conjugates 6-hydroxybentazon with glucose.The gene for lethal bentazon susceptibility was induced by treatment with gamma radiation. Key words:rice(Oryza sativaL.),mutant,bentazon,lethal bentazon susceptibility,mechanism 尚未见苯达松对其敏感致死的分子机理的研究。不过,由于8077S和农林8m生理和遗传规律相似,且均由γ-射线辐照所得,因此推测8077S对苯达松敏感致死的分子机理可能与农林8m有类似之处。综合上述文献报道,并结合水稻中两个苯