Myb转录因子.pptVIP

Myb Transcription Factor Liu Peiyu MYB transcription factors in plants More than 20 years ago, the first gene encoding a transcription factor in plants was identified ——COLORED1(C1) A decade ago, the Arabidopsis genome sequence was published, which provided the first comprehensive description and classification of plant MYB genes. In rencent years,the functions of MYB proteins have been investigated in numerous plant species. Structure and evolution MYB proteins are characterized by a highly conserved DNA-binding domain: the MYB domain（ consists of up to four imperfect amino acid sequence repeats (R) of about 52 amino acids, each forming three a–helices). MYB proteins can be divided into different classes depending on the number of adjacent repeats(one, two,three or four) In contrast to the highly conserved MYB domain, the other regions of R2R3-MYB proteins are highly variable. Based on the conservation of the DNAbinding domain and of amino acid motifs in the C terminal domains, R2R3-MYB proteins have been divided into subgroups. Diversity of functions Numerous R2R3-MYB proteins have been characterized by genetic approaches and found to be involved in the control of plant-specific processes including: (i) primary and secondary metabolism (ii) cell fate and identity (iii) developmental processes (iv) responses to biotic and abiotic stresses Regulation of MYB functions MYB genes are targets to both microRNAs (miRNAs) and transacting, silencing RNAs (ta-siRNAs). Post-translational modifications and protein–protein interactions can significantly impact the regulatory activity of MYB transcription factors. The transcriptional activity of some R2R3-MYB factors is dependent in vivo on protein–protein interactions. Phosphorylation is important in determining MYB protein activity. Redox control is thought to influence MYB protein activity because of the presence of a pair of conserved Cys residues, four residues apart, i