蒲公英对马蹄金的化感作用【参考】.docVIP

蒲公英对马蹄金的化感作用 【摘要】Dandelion)水提液的化感作用进行了测定。结果表明,蒲公英组织水提液对马蹄金种子的萌发均有一定的抑制作用。当浓度为0. 1 g/ml时,对马蹄金种子萌发的抑制率均为100%,随着浓度降低,对种子萌发的抑制率减小。当浓度为0. 1、0. 05、0. 025 g/ml时,对马蹄金种子根的生长、有一定抑制作用。 【关键词】The Allelopathy of Dandelion to Dichondra Repens [Abstract] Allelopathy universally exist in nature，involving botany，chemistry，ecology，physiology，microbiology and so on，which has significance on promoting agriculture sustainable development and eco-environment protection． At present there are many researches about plantallelopathy and most of the focus are harmful aspects． The species of allelochemical，action mode，mechanism，release ways and collectionmethods were reviewed，so as to provide reference value for the production practice．Petri dish filter paper method, gold seed water chestnuts as subjects, the dandelion (Taraxacum mongolicum) water extraction liquid of allelopathy was determined. Results show that the dandelion water extraction liquid of water chestnut golden seed germination has certain inhibitory effect. When the concentration of 0. 1 g/ml, the horseshoe gold inhibition of seed germination rate was 100%, with concentration is lower, the inhibition rate of seed germination. When the concentration of 0. 1, 0. 05, 0. 025 g/ml, the horseshoe golden seed root growth, has certain inhibitory effect. [Keywords] Dandelion; Aqueous extract; Dichondra Repens; Allelopathy  1 前言 1.1 立题依据 1.1.1蒲公英简介 蒲公英含10种胡萝卜素、8种三菇化合物、7种幽醇、20种黄酮、4种倍半菇内酷以及香豆素等等物质。WIllams等从蒲公英的花和叶首次分出木犀草素甲醚。苏联学者用色谱方法分离出棕桐油酸,德国学者检出一种植物生长调节剂茉莉酮酸阁。而国内学者也已分析了碱地蒲公英(华蒲公英)阴、兴安蒲公英、蒙古蒲公英的有效成分。蒲公英的药用成分中(干燥全草)含有:蒲公英幽醇 (taraxasterol);皂贰、结晶性苦味质蒲公英苦素 (taraxaein)、胆碱、菊糖(inulin)、葡萄糖、果胶、肌醇、咖啡酸、绿原酸等。另有资料称,根含:蒲公英幽醇,蒲公英菇醇、蒲公英醇、伪蒲公英街醇、豆幽醇、皂贰、亚油酸、果胶、树脂。BueheekerR等在花中发现有大量的四菇色素。另外凌云等用电感藕合等离子体原子发射光谱仪分析,得出蒲公英中含有66种微量元素。他的研究结果表明蒲公英中12种元素含量较高,其中有Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、Mo等5种必需微量元素;蒲公英含有大量的Na和K。邹良栋在花中提取了黄色素,可以做成一种天然色素。曾凌云等研究了花粉的微量元素含量变化。刘鹏岩等研究了蒲公英和高山蒲公英的挥发油的成分。他认为虽然两者有差异,但主成分相同,都是2一己烯醛、环己酮等五种成分组成。蒲公英的提取物具有较强的抑制酪氨酸酶的活性的作用。因此蒲公英可用于皮肤保护和消除雀斑和色素斑。曾