浙大植物生理学三套题和答案3answer.docVIP

《Plant Physiology》模拟试卷三参考答案 题序 一 二 三 四1 四2 四3 四4 四5（6） 总 分 得分 评卷人 Part 1: Explain terms (Select 8 terms from followings，5 marks for each and total 40 marks.) 1.Symplast: Symplast of a plant is the inner transport system of the plasma membrane in which water (and low molecular solutes) can freely diffuse. A continuous system is consist of protoplast, plasmodesma and plasmic menbrane, except apoplast. 2.transpiration pull: A pulling force that pulls water up the xylem vessels of stems due to transpiration. 3.Donnan equilibrium: The Donnan equilibrium is a phenomenon of solutions that contributes to the formation of an electrical potential across a cell membrane. the product of the diffusible anions and cations inside of the cell is equal to outside of the cell. 4.Primary reaction: It is the beginning of the photosynthesis, containing the absorption of energy, the transfer of energy and photochemical reaction. This reaction is very fast, the time of reaction is 10-9~10-12s. 5.Pentose phosphate pathway (PPP): Pentose phosphate pathway is primarily an anabolic pathway that utilizes the 6 carbons of glucose to generate 5 carbon sugars and reducing equivalents. This pathway does oxidize glucose and under certain conditions can completely oxidize glucose to CO2 and water. 6.Energy charge regulation Adenyl acid levels reflecting the energy levels in cell regulate the respiratory metabolism. 7.Sugar-proton symport: A model for sucrose transport into phloem across sieve/companion complex plasma membrane, in which sucrose and proton are chemometrically symported into sieve/companion complex from apoplast, usually the mesophyll cell space by the transporter. 8 Growth retardants: Compounds resistant to GAs in function and inhibit the growth of the subapical meristem. The inhibitory effect can be reversed by GA, but not by IAA. 9. Redifferentiation: A process by which callus in tissue culture or section in cutting can differentiated new organs to co