植物基因组中的连锁不平衡_王荣焕.docxVIP

HEREDITAS (Beijing) 2007 年 11 月, 29(11): 1317―1323综 述ISSN 0253-9772DOI: 10.1360/yc-007-1317植物基因组中的连锁不平衡王荣焕, 王天宇, 黎裕中国农业科学院作物科学研究所, 北京 100081摘要: 在植物基因组学研究领域, 连锁不平衡(linkage disequilibrium, LD)分析是近年来的一个研究亮点和热 点。基于 LD 的作图方法不仅是新基因发掘的有效途径, 而且也是联系结构基因组学和表型组学的一座桥梁。 自 2001 年基于 LD 的作图方法在植物中的成功运用至今, 已有大量关于植物基因组中 LD 结构及 LD 作图的研 究报道。文章系统介绍了 LD 的基本理论及其在 LD 作图、单倍型多样性分析、单倍型标签 SNP 的开发和群体 遗传学等研究中的应用, 并就近年来关于 LD 与群体结构、基因转换和上位效应及 G×E 互作等方面的研究热 点和发展趋势进行了探讨。当前, 世界各国基因争夺大战日趋激烈。中国是基因资源大国, 但还不是基因大国。 植物基因组中LD 研究热潮的兴起及LD 研究的进一步深入, 必将大大推动植物基因组学的快速发展, 特别是加 速从作物种质资源中发掘新基因的进程。关键词: 连锁不平衡; LD 结构; LD 作图Linkage disequilibrium in plant genomesWANG Rong-Huan, WANG Tian-Yu, LI YuInstitute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaAbstract: Linkage disequilibrium (LD) is one of the most recently focused interests in the field of plant genomics. LD mapping is an effective approach to discovering novel genes and a bridge for connecting structural genomics to phenomics. LD mapping was first applied in plants in 2001. Since then, researches on the structure and extent of LD and LD mapping have been reported in a wide range of plant species. The basic theory of LD and its application in LD mapping, haplotype diversity analysis, htSNP identification and population genetics were reviewed in this paper. And advances of LD research in plants including influences of population structure, gene conversion, epistasis and G×E interactions, and future prospects were also presented. China has abundant germplasm resources, but gene discovery lags behind. Intensive researches on LD will certainly accelerate rapid development of plant genomics, especially the progress of gene discovery based on germ-plasm resources in China.Keywords: linkage disequilibrium (LD); LD structure; LD mapping我国现收集保存作物种质资源共 38 万份, 居世基因大国[1]。抢占基因种质资源制高点引发了基因界第一位, 是名副其实的基因资源大国, 但还不是争夺这场没有硝烟的世界大战。如何从我国丰富的收稿日期: 2007?04?09; 修回日期: 2007?06?01基金项目: 国家高技术研究发展计划项目(863 计划) (编号：2006AA10Z188) 和国家自然科学基金项目(编号 资助[