虚拟语气的用法及专项练习题探究.doc

虚拟语气的用法及专项练习题虚拟语气用于条件状语从句 注意:主句中的should通常用于第一人称,would可用于任何人称,同时也可根据意思用情态动词could,might等代替should,would。 ? 连接词 条件从句 If 1).动词过去式(或were) 2).助动词（过去式）+动词原形 Should Would +动词原形 could might (1) If had the time, John would make a trip to China to see the Great Wall. (2) If I were you, I would give up drinking immediately. 2.与过去事实相反 连接词 条件从句 If had+过去分词 Should Would + have+过去分词 could might If I’d known that it was going to rain, I would never have gone for a walk in the country. 3.与将来事实相反 连接词 条件从句 If 1.???should+动词原形 2.???动词过去式 3、were to+动词原形 Should Would +动词原形 could might If it were to/should rain tomorrow,the meeting would be putoff. If you went there next time, you would see what I mean. 4.错综时间虚拟语气当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整。例如: If I were you, I would have gone home. If you had followed the doctors advice, you would be quite all right now.(从句说的是过去,主句指的是现在。)状语从句状语as if(as though)如果从句表示与现在事实相反,谓语动词用一般过去时;表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用had+过去分词;表示与将来事实相反,谓语动词用would(might,could)+动词原形。例如: He looks at me as if I were mad. (2) He spoke English so fluently as if he had studied English in England.但as if(as though)后的从句也常用陈述语气,这是因为从句中的情况往往是可能发生的或可能被设想为真实的。例如:It looks as if our side is going to win. 状语从句谓语动词用 might,can/could)+动词原形。例如: 条件状语从句从句谓语动词用 might, could)+动词原形。虚拟语气用于宾语从句1.Suggest, advise 等动词之后宾语从句须用虚拟语气，其句子结构如下： 要求：ask demand require request beg plead insist pray maintain urge 建议：suggest advise propose recommend move 命令、决定：order command decide determine resolve其它：consent deserve desire intend prefer等后面的宾语从句中 +that…(should )+ 注意：在此结构中that不可省略；should省不省均可。 He suggested that they (should ) stop smoking. They demanded that the black people should be treated as well as white people. 如果that 引导的从句所表达的内容是事实，也可用陈述语气。 He insists that he is right. 注意:insist作力言、强调解时,宾语从句不用虚拟语气。只有当insist作坚持(应该)解时,宾语从句才用虚拟语气。例如(1) Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything. I insisted that you give me my money back. 2.wish+宾语从句表示不能实现的愿望,汉语可译为可惜……、……就好了、悔不该……、但愿……等。表示现在不能实现的