《发动机原理》双语教(chapter 4).docVIP

Chapter 4 Combustion in Spark Ignition Engines Key: Mixture formation way of SI engine, combustion phenomenon of SI engine, design of SI engine combustion chamber. Difficult points: Gasoline engine abnormal combustion phenomenons and influence factors Section 1 Introduction to spark ignition engine In SI engines the air and fuel are usually mixed together in the intake system prior to entry to the engine cylinder, using a carburetor or fuel-injection system. The electronic fuel injection system has the job of supplying a combustible mixture of air and fuel to the engine. This typical system can be divided into three parts: fuel delivery system, air induction system, and the electronic control system. Air induction system When the throttle valve is opened, air flows through the air cleaner, through the air flow meter, past the throttle valve, and through a well-tuned intake manifold runner to the intake valve. fuel delivery system Fuel is delivered from tank to the injector by means of an electric fuel pump. Contaminants are filtered out by a high capacity in line fuel filter. Fuel is maintained at a constant pressure by means of a fuel pressure regulator. Any fuel which is not delivered to the intake manifold by the injector is returned to the tank through a fuel return pipe. electronic control system The ECU determines precisely how much fuel needs to be delivered by the injector by monitoring the engine sensors. The ECU turns the injectors on for a precise amount of time , referred to as injection pulse width or injection duration, to deliver the proper air-fuel ratio to the engine. Section 2 Combustion phenomenon Combustion either occurs normally - with ignition from a spark and the flame front propagating steadily throughout the mixture - or abnormally. 4.2.1 Normal combustion When the piston approaches the end of the compression stroke, a spark is discharged between the sparking plug electrodes. The spark leaves a small nucleus of fla