CHAPTER2-Relational_Model.ppt

Chapter 2: Relational Database Modeling Chapter 2: Relational Database Modeling Data models Basic of Relational Model Defining schema in SQL An algebraic Query Language Constraints on Relations Structure of Relational Databases Fundamental Relational-Algebra-Operations Additional Relational-Algebra-Operations Extended Relational-Algebra-Operations Null Values Modification of the Database 2.1 Overview of Data Models Data model: a notation for describing data or information Structure of the data Operation on the data Constraints on the data Some important data models Relational model Semistructured-data model Relational model in brief The relational model( use table) Relational algebra The constraint portion 2.2 Basic of the relational model Attribute Types Relation Schema Movies ( title, year, length, genre) Tuples Domains Equivalent Representations Relation Instances Key of Relations Basic Structure Formally, given sets D1, D2, …. Dn a relation r is a subset of  D1 x D2 x … x DnA relation is a set of n-tuples (a1, a2, …, an) , each ai ? Di Example: If customer_name = {Jones, Smith, Curry, Lindsay, …} customer_street = {Main, North, Park, …} customer_city = {Harrison, Rye, Pittsfield, …} Then r = { (Jones, Main, Harrison), (Smith, North, Rye), (Curry, North, Rye),(Lindsay, Park, Pittsfield) } is a relation over customer_name x customer_street x customer_city The customer Relation Database A database consists of multiple relations Information about an school is broken up into parts, with each relation storing one part of the information student: stores information about students study : stores information about which student select which courses  course: stores information about courses Storing all information as a single relation such as  school(stu_no, stu_name, score, course_no,cousre_name..)results in repetition of information e.g.,if